fig7

Figure 7. Regulating adhesion at the film/stamp interface based on solid-liquid phase-change-assisted methods for damage-free transfer printing of ultrathin films. (A) Schematic illustration showing the transfer printing process enabled by solid-liquid phase-change-assisted methods; (B) Schematic illustration of the IST for 2D films. Reproduced with permission^[78]. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH; (C) Schematic illustration of the PLMT for damage-free transfer printing. Reproduced with permission^[79]. Copyright 2024, Springer Nature; (D) Schematic illustration of the reflowable transfer for conformal 3D microprinting and SEM images of transfer printing results. Reproduced with permission^[80]. Copyright 2022, The American Association for the Advancement of Science. IST: Ice stamp-based transfer printing; 2D: two-dimensional; PLMT: Precision-induced localized molten technique; 3D: three-dimensional; SEM: scanning electron microscope.