fig1

Figure 1. Tumor-informed vs. tumor-agnostic ctDNA assays: key features and limitations. CHIP: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential; ctDNA: circulating tumor DNA; MRD: minimal residual disease. Created with BioRender.com (Created in BioRender. Cammarota, A. (2026) https://BioRender.com/txdc4kj).