REFERENCES

1. Das S, Dasari A. Epidemiology, incidence, and prevalence of neuroendocrine neoplasms: are there global differences? Curr Oncol Rep. 2021;23:43.

2. Modlin IM, Kidd M, Latich I, Zikusoka MN, Shapiro MD. Current status of gastrointestinal carcinoids. Gastroenterology. 2005;128:1717-51.

3. Scott AT, Howe JR. Evaluation and management of neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas. Surg Clin North Am. 2019;99:793-814.

4. Rindi G, Mete O, Uccella S, et al. Overview of the 2022 WHO classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Endocr Pathol. 2022;33:115-54.

5. Yao JC, Hassan M, Phan A, et al. One hundred years after “carcinoid”: epidemiology of and prognostic factors for neuroendocrine tumors in 35,825 cases in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:3063-72.

6. Pavel M, Baudin E, Couvelard A, et al. Barcelona Consensus Conference participants. ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the management of patients with liver and other distant metastases from neuroendocrine neoplasms of foregut, midgut, hindgut, and unknown primary. Neuroendocrinology. 2012;95:157-76.

7. Basturk O, Tang L, Hruban RH, et al. Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas of the pancreas: a clinicopathologic analysis of 44 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2014;38:437-47.

8. Egger ME, Armstrong E, Martin RC II, et al. Transarterial chemoembolization vs radioembolization for neuroendocrine liver metastases: a multi-institutional analysis. J Am Coll Surg. 2020;230:363-70.

9. Levy S, Verbeek WHM, Eskens FALM, et al. First-line everolimus and cisplatin in patients with advanced extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma: a nationwide phase 2 single-arm clinical trial. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2022;14:17588359221077088.

10. Zhang XF, Beal EW, Chakedis J, et al. Early recurrence of neuroendocrine liver metastasis after curative hepatectomy: risk factors, prognosis, and treatment. J Gastrointest Surg. 2017;21:1821-30.

11. Dasari A, Shen C, Halperin D, et al. Trends in the incidence, prevalence, and survival outcomes in patients with neuroendocrine tumors in the United States. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3:1335-42.

12. Rindi G, D’Adda T, Froio E, Fellegara G, Bordi C. Prognostic factors in gastrointestinal endocrine tumors. Endocr Pathol. 2007;18:145-9.

13. Fan ST, Le Treut YP, Mazzaferro V, et al. Liver transplantation for neuroendocrine tumour liver metastases. HPB. 2015;17:23-8.

14. Sharma A, Muralitharan M, Ramage J, et al. Current management of neuroendocrine tumour liver metastases. Curr Oncol Rep. 2024;26:1070-84.

15. Pisegna JR, Doppman JL, Norton JA, Metz DC, Jensen RT. Prospective comparative study of ability of MR imaging and other imaging modalities to localize tumors in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Dig Dis Sci. 1993;38:1318-28.

16. Chambers AJ, Pasieka JL, Dixon E, Rorstad O. Role of imaging in the preoperative staging of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors. J Am Coll Surg. 2010;211:620-7.

17. Horton KM, Kamel I, Hofmann L, Fishman EK. Carcinoid tumors of the small bowel: a multitechnique imaging approach. AJR. 2004;182:559-67.

18. Jackson T, Darwish M, Cho E, Nagatomo K, Osman H, Jeyarajah DR. 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT compared to standard imaging in metastatic neuroendocrine tumors: a more sensitive test to detect liver metastasis? Abdom Radiol. 2021;46:3179-83.

19. Antunes P, Ginj M, Zhang H, et al. Are radiogallium-labelled DOTA-conjugated somatostatin analogues superior to those labelled with other radiometals? Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2007;34:982-93.

20. Klimstra DS, Modlin IR, Adsay NV, et al. Pathology reporting of neuroendocrine tumors: application of the Delphic consensus process to the development of a minimum pathology data set. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010;34:300-13.

21. Armutlu A, Saeed O, Saxena R. Metastatic liver tumors in surgical pathology: impact of contemporary diagnostic and therapeutic paradigms in a tertiary care center. Int J Surg Pathol. 2022;30:138-44.

22. Sherman SK, Maxwell JE, Carr JC, et al. Gene expression accurately distinguishes liver metastases of small bowel and pancreas neuroendocrine tumors. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2014;31:935-44.

23. Hicks RJ, Kwekkeboom DJ, Krenning E, et al. Antibes Consensus Conference participants. ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the standards of care in neuroendocrine neoplasia: peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with radiolabeled somatostatin analogues. Neuroendocrinology. 2017;105:295-309.

24. Frilling A, Li J, Malamutmann E, Schmid KW, Bockisch A, Broelsch CE. Treatment of liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumours in relation to the extent of hepatic disease. Br J Surg. 2009;96:175-84.

25. Mahuron KM, Singh G. Defining a new classification system for the surgical management of neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases. J Clin Med. 2023;12:2456.

26. Machairas N, Daskalakis K, Felekouras E, Alexandraki KI, Kaltsas G, Sotiropoulos GC. Currently available treatment options for neuroendocrine liver metastases. Ann Gastroenterol. 2021;34:1-16.

27. Yu X, Gu J, Wu H, Fu D, Li J, Jin C. Resection of liver metastases: a treatment provides a long-term survival benefit for patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Oncol. 2018;2018:6273947.

28. Kandil E, Noureldine SI, Koffron A, Yao L, Saggi B, Buell JF. Outcomes of laparoscopic and open resection for neuroendocrine liver metastases. Surgery. 2012;152:1225-31.

29. Thomaschewski M, Neeff H, Keck T, Neumann HPH, Strate T, von Dobschuetz E. Is there any role for minimally invasive surgery in NET? Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2017;18:443-57.

30. Howe JR, Cardona K, Fraker DL, et al. The surgical management of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors: Consensus Guidelines of the North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society. Pancreas. 2017;46:715-31.

31. Harrelson A, Wang R, Stewart A, et al. Management of neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases. Am J Surg. 2023;226:623-30.

32. Kose E, Kahramangil B, Aydin H, et al. Outcomes of laparoscopic tumor ablation for neuroendocrine liver metastases: a 20-year experience. Surg Endosc. 2020;34:249-56.

33. Gangi A, Manguso N, Gong J, et al. Midgut neuroendocrine tumors with liver-only metastases: benefit of primary tumor resection. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020;27:4525-32.

34. Zheng M, Li Y, Li T, Zhang L, Zhou L. Resection of the primary tumor improves survival in patients with gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with liver metastases: a SEER-based analysis. Cancer Med. 2019;8:5128-36.

35. Lin C, Dai H, Hong X, et al. The prognostic impact of primary tumor resection in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with synchronous multifocal liver metastases. Pancreatology. 2018;18:608-14.

36. Mou Y, Wang ZY, Tan CL, Chen YH, Liu XB, Ke NW. The role of primary tumor resection in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases. Front Oncol. 2022;12:838103.

37. Chamberlain RS, Canes D, Brown KT, et al. Hepatic neuroendocrine metastases: does intervention alter outcomes? J Am Coll Surg. 2000;190:432-45.

38. Chen H, Hardacre JM, Uzar A, Cameron JL, Choti MA. Isolated liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumors: does resection prolong survival? J Am Coll Surg. 1998;187:88-92.

39. Coppa J, Pulvirenti A, Schiavo M, et al. Resection versus transplantation for liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumors. Transplant Proc. 2001;33:1537-9.

40. Dousset B, Saint-Marc O, Pitre J, Soubrane O, Houssin D, Chapuis Y. Metastatic endocrine tumors: medical treatment, surgical resection, or liver transplantation. World J Surg. 1996;20:908-14; discussion 914.

41. Du S, Wang Z, Sang X, et al. Surgical resection improves the outcome of the patients with neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases: large data from Asia. Medicine. 2015;94:e388.

42. Mayo SC, de Jong MC, Pulitano C, et al. Surgical management of hepatic neuroendocrine tumor metastasis: results from an international multi-institutional analysis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010;17:3129-36.

43. Spolverato G, Bagante F, Aldrighetti L, et al. Management and outcomes of patients with recurrent neuroendocrine liver metastasis after curative surgery: an international multi-institutional analysis. J Surg Oncol. 2017;116:298-306.

44. Altaf A, Munir MM, Endo Y, et al. Development of an artificial intelligence-based model to predict early recurrence of neuroendocrine liver metastasis after resection. J Gastrointest Surg. 2024;28:1828-37.

45. Gudmundsdottir H, Habermann EB, Vierkant RA, et al. Survival and symptomatic relief after cytoreductive hepatectomy for neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases: long-term follow-up evaluation of more than 500 patients. Ann Surg Oncol. 2023;30:4840-51.

46. Sarmiento JM, Heywood G, Rubin J, Ilstrup DM, Nagorney DM, Que FG. Surgical treatment of neuroendocrine metastases to the liver: a plea for resection to increase survival. J Am Coll Surg. 2003;197:29-37.

47. Muttillo EM, Mazzarella G, Picardi B, et al. Treatment strategies for neuroendocrine liver metastases: a systematic review. HPB. 2022;24:1832-43.

48. McEntee GP, Nagorney DM, Kvols LK, Moertel CG, Grant CS. Cytoreductive hepatic surgery for neuroendocrine tumors. Surgery. 1990;108:1091-6.

49. Graff-Baker AN, Sauer DA, Pommier SJ, Pommier RF. Expanded criteria for carcinoid liver debulking: maintaining survival and increasing the number of eligible patients. Surgery. 2014;156:1369-76; discussion 1376.

50. Maxwell JE, Sherman SK, O’Dorisio TM, Bellizzi AM, Howe JR. Liver-directed surgery of neuroendocrine metastases: what is the optimal strategy? Surgery. 2016;159:320-33.

51. Scott AT, Breheny PJ, Keck KJ, et al. Effective cytoreduction can be achieved in patients with numerous neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases (NETLMs). Surgery. 2019;165:166-75.

52. Ruff SM, Thompson DA, Lad NL, et al. Surgical debulking is associated with improved survival for patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases of unknown primary. HPB. 2023;25:1074-82.

53. Gudmundsdottir H, Cleary SP, Halfdanarson TR. Reply to “residual tumor volume, not percent cytoreduction, matters for surgery of neuroendocrine liver metastasis”. Ann Surg Oncol. 2023;30:5459-60.

54. Kasai Y, Hirose K, Corvera CU, et al. Residual tumor volume discriminates prognosis after surgery for neuroendocrine liver metastasis. J Surg Oncol. 2020;121:330-6.

55. Glazer ES, Tseng JF, Al-Refaie W, et al. Long-term survival after surgical management of neuroendocrine hepatic metastases. HPB. 2010;12:427-33.

56. Frilling A, Sotiropoulos GC, Li J, Kornasiewicz O, Plöckinger U. Multimodal management of neuroendocrine liver metastases. HPB. 2010;12:361-79.

57. Kunz PL, Reidy-Lagunes D, Anthony LB, et al. North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society. Consensus Guidelines for the management and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors. Pancreas. 2013;42:557-77.

58. Yogo A, Kasai Y, Nakakura EK. Enucleation of neuroendocrine liver metastases. J Gastrointest Surg. 2024;28:1735-7.

59. van Lienden KP, van den Esschert JW, de Graaf W, et al. Portal vein embolization before liver resection: a systematic review. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2013;36:25-34.

60. Madoff DC, Gupta S, Ahrar K, Murthy R, Yao JC. Update on the management of neuroendocrine hepatic metastases. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2006;17:1235-50.

61. Loffroy R, Favelier S, Chevallier O, et al. Preoperative portal vein embolization in liver cancer: indications, techniques and outcomes. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2015;5:730-9.

62. Abulkhir A, Limongelli P, Healey AJ, et al. Preoperative portal vein embolization for major liver resection: a meta-analysis. Ann Surg. 2008;247:49-57.

63. Rassam F, Olthof PB, van Lienden KP, et al. Comparison of functional and volumetric increase of the future remnant liver and postoperative outcomes after portal vein embolization and complete or partial associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS). Ann Transl Med. 2020;8:436.

64. Linecker M, Kambakamba P, Raptis DA, et al. ALPPS in neuroendocrine liver metastases not amenable for conventional resection - lessons learned from an interim analysis of the International ALPPS registry. HPB. 2020;22:537-44.

65. Palaniappan V, Li CH, Frilling A, Clift AK. Long-term outcomes of liver transplantation for the management of neuroendocrine neoplasms: a systematic review. J Pers Med. 2023;13:1428.

66. Eshmuminov D, Studer DJ, Lopez Lopez V, et al. Controversy over liver transplantation or resection for neuroendocrine liver metastasis: tumor biology cuts the deal. Ann Surg. 2023;277:e1063-71.

67. Mazzaferro V, Pulvirenti A, Coppa J. Neuroendocrine tumors metastatic to the liver: how to select patients for liver transplantation? J Hepatol. 2007;47:460-6.

68. Mazzaferro V, Sposito C, Coppa J, et al. The long-term benefit of liver transplantation for hepatic metastases from neuroendocrine tumors. Am J Transplant. 2016;16:2892-902.

69. Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on liver transplantation. J Hepatol. 2024;81:1040-86.

70. Fernandes ESM, Kyt CVG, de Mello FPT, et al. Liver transplantation in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Front Oncol. 2023;12:1001163.

71. Shimata K, Sugawara Y, Hibi T. Liver transplantation for unresectable pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases in an era of transplant oncology. Gland Surg. 2018;7:42-6.

72. Nobel YR, Goldberg DS. Variable use of model for end-stage liver disease exception points in patients with neuroendocrine tumors metastatic to the liver and its impact on patient outcomes. Transplantation. 2015;99:2341-6.

73. Le Treut YP, Grégoire E, Klempnauer J, et al. For ELITA. Liver transplantation for neuroendocrine tumors in Europe-results and trends in patient selection: a 213-case European liver transplant registry study. Ann Surg. 2013;257:807-15.

74. Le Treut YP, Grégoire E, Belghiti J, et al. Predictors of long-term survival after liver transplantation for metastatic endocrine tumors: an 85-case French multicentric report. Am J Transplant. 2008;8:1205-13.

75. Line PD, Dueland S. Liver transplantation for secondary liver tumours: the difficult balance between survival and recurrence. J Hepatol. 2020;73:1557-62.

76. Moris D, Tsilimigras DI, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, et al. Liver transplantation in patients with liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review. Surgery. 2017;162:525-36.

77. Clift AK, Hagness M, Lehmann K, et al. Transplantation for metastatic liver disease. J Hepatol. 2023;78:1137-46.

78. N’Kontchou G, Mahamoudi A, Aout M, et al. Radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: long-term results and prognostic factors in 235 Western patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2009;50:1475-83.

79. Elias D, Baton O, Sideris L, et al. Hepatectomy plus intraoperative radiofrequency ablation and chemotherapy to treat technically unresectable multiple colorectal liver metastases. J Surg Oncol. 2005;90:36-42.

80. Vogl TJ, Naguib NN, Zangos S, Eichler K, Hedayati A, Nour-Eldin NE. Liver metastases of neuroendocrine carcinomas: interventional treatment via transarterial embolization, chemoembolization and thermal ablation. Eur J Radiol. 2009;72:517-28.

81. Akyildiz HY, Mitchell J, Milas M, Siperstein A, Berber E. Laparoscopic radiofrequency thermal ablation of neuroendocrine hepatic metastases: long-term follow-up. Surgery. 2010;148:1288-93.

82. Huang J, Liu B, Lin M, et al. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in treatment of neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases:a single-center experience. Int J Hyperthermia. 2022;39:497-503.

83. Pickens RC, Sulzer JK, Passeri MJ, et al. Operative microwave ablation for the multimodal treatment of neuroendocrine liver metastases. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2021;31:917-25.

84. Wells A, Butano V, Phillips M, et al. Surgical microwave ablation of 397 neuroendocrine liver metastases: a retrospective cohort analysis of 16 years of experience. Surg Endosc. 2024;38:6743-52.

85. Dhir M, Shrestha R, Steel JL, et al. Initial treatment of unresectable neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases with transarterial chemoembolization using streptozotocin: a 20-year experience. Ann Surg Oncol. 2017;24:450-9.

86. Tai E, Kennedy S, Farrell A, Jaberi A, Kachura J, Beecroft R. Comparison of transarterial bland and chemoembolization for neuroendocrine tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Oncol. 2020;27:e537-46.

87. Ruff SM, Chang JY, Xu M, et al. Trans-arterial embolization versus chemoembolization for neuroendocrine liver metastases: a propensity matched analysis. HPB. 2024;26:1505-14.

88. First release RETNET data show no difference in progression-free survival between TAE and TACE for neuroendocrine liver tumours. Interventional News. Available from: https://interventionalnews.com/first-release-retnet-data-show-no-difference-in-progression-free-survival-between-tae-and-tace-for-neuroendocrine-liver-tumours/. [Last accessed on 12 June 2025].

89. Tomozawa Y, Jahangiri Y, Pathak P, et al. Long-term toxicity after transarterial radioembolization with yttrium-90 using resin microspheres for neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2018;29:858-65.

90. Currie BM, Nadolski G, Mondschein J, et al. Chronic hepatotoxicity in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumor: transarterial chemoembolization versus transarterial radioembolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2020;31:1627-35.

91. Ngo L, Elnahla A, Attia AS, et al. Chemoembolization versus radioembolization for neuroendocrine liver metastases: a meta-analysis comparing clinical outcomes. Ann Surg Oncol. 2021;28:1950-8.

92. Garrou F, Sacchetti GM, Leva L, et al. Transarterial radioembolization in neuroendocrine liver metastases 25 years later: a systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2025;210:104697.

93. Lee HN, Hyun D. Complications related to transarterial treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: a comprehensive review. Korean J Radiol. 2023;24:204-23.

94. Mason MC, Massarweh NN, Salami A, Sultenfuss MA, Anaya DA. Post-embolization syndrome as an early predictor of overall survival after transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. HPB. 2015;17:1137-44.

95. Strosberg JR, Caplin ME, Kunz PL, et al. NETTER-1 investigators. 177Lu-Dotatate plus long-acting octreotide versus highdose long-acting octreotide in patients with midgut neuroendocrine tumours (NETTER-1): final overall survival and long-term safety results from an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22:1752-63.

96. Yalchin M, Oliveira A, Theocharidou E, et al. The impact of radiological response to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy on overall survival in patients with metastatic midgut neuroendocrine tumors. Clin Nucl Med. 2017;42:e135-41.

97. Alayli A, Ngo H, Sikaria D, et al. Safety and efficacy of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) following bland embolization for metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. Cancers. 2024;16:2703.

98. Yordanova A, Ahrens H, Feldmann G, et al. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Clin Nucl Med. 2019;44:e329-35.

99. Singh S, Halperin D, Myrehaug S, et al. all the NETTER-2 Trial Investigators. [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE plus long-acting octreotide versus highdose long-acting octreotide for the treatment of newly diagnosed, advanced grade 2-3, well-differentiated, gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (NETTER-2): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2024;403:2807-17.

100. Chiapponi C, Lürssen N, Cremer B, et al. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy as a two-step strategy for initially unresectable liver disease from neuroendocrine tumors: a single-center experience. Endocrine. 2020;70:187-93.

101. Howe JR, Merchant NB, Conrad C, et al. The North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society consensus paper on the surgical management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Pancreas. 2020;49:1-33.

102. Paganelli G, Matteucci F. Importance of PET with 68Ga-labeled somatostatin analogs. J Nucl Med. 2020;61:187S-8S.

103. Rinke A, Wittenberg M, Schade-Brittinger C, et al. PROMID Study Group. Placebo-controlled, double-blind, prospective, randomized study on the effect of octreotide LAR in the control of tumor growth in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine midgut tumors (PROMID): results of long-term survival. Neuroendocrinology. 2017;104:26-32.

104. Caplin ME, Pavel M, Ćwikła JB, et al. CLARINET Investigators. Lanreotide in metastatic enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:224-33.

105. Ter-Minassian M, Zhang S, Brooks NV, et al. Association between tumor progression endpoints and overall survival in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors. Oncologist. 2017;22:165-72.

106. Sorbye H, Welin S, Langer SW, et al. Predictive and prognostic factors for treatment and survival in 305 patients with advanced gastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinoma (WHO G3): the NORDIC NEC study. Ann Oncol. 2013;24:152-60.

107. Kouvaraki MA, Ajani JA, Hoff P, et al. Fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and streptozocin in the treatment of patients with locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic endocrine carcinomas. JCO. 2004;22:4762-71.

108. Kunz PL, Graham NT, Catalano PJ, et al. Randomized study of temozolomide or temozolomide and capecitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (ECOG-ACRIN E2211). JCO. 2023;41:1359-69.

109. de Mestier L, Walter T, Brixi H, et al. Comparison of temozolomide-capecitabine to 5-fluorouracile-dacarbazine in 247 patients with advanced digestive neuroendocrine tumors using propensity score analyses. Neuroendocrinology. 2019;108:343-53.

110. Raymond E, Dahan L, Raoul JL, et al. Sunitinib malate for the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:501-13.

111. Jiao Y, Shi C, Edil BH, et al. DAXX/ATRX, MEN1, and mTOR pathway genes are frequently altered in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Science. 2011;331:1199-203.

112. Yao JC, Shah MH, Ito T, et al. RAD001 in Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumors; Third Trial (RADIANT-3) Study Group. Everolimus for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:514-23.

113. Yao JC, Fazio N, Singh S, et al. RAD001 in Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumours; Fourth Trial (RADIANT-4) Study Group. Everolimus for the treatment of advanced, non-functional neuroendocrine tumours of the lung or gastrointestinal tract (RADIANT-4): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2016;387:968-77.

114. Yao JC, Lombard-Bohas C, Baudin E, et al. Daily oral everolimus activity in patients with metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors after failure of cytotoxic chemotherapy: a phase II trial. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:69-76.

115. Pavel ME, Hainsworth JD, Baudin E, et al. RADIANT-2 Study Group. Everolimus plus octreotide long-acting repeatable for the treatment of advanced neuroendocrine tumours associated with carcinoid syndrome (RADIANT-2): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2011;378:2005-12.

116. Halperin DM, Liu S, Dasari A, et al. Assessment of clinical response following atezolizumab and bevacizumab treatment in patients with neuroendocrine tumors: a nonrandomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncol. 2022;8:904-9.

117. Strosberg J, Mizuno N, Doi T, et al. Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in previously treated advanced neuroendocrine tumors: results from the phase II KEYNOTE-158 Study. Clin Cancer Res. 2020;26:2124-30.

118. Mehnert JM, Bergsland E, O'Neil BH, et al. Pembrolizumab for the treatment of programmed death-ligand 1-positive advanced carcinoid or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: Results from the KEYNOTE-028 study. Cancer. 2020;126:3021-30.

119. Capdevila J, Fazio N, Lopez C, et al. Lenvatinib in patients with advanced grade 1/2 pancreatic and gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors: results of the phase II TALENT Trial (GETNE1509). JCO. 2021;39:2304-12.

120. Yao JC, Phan A, Hoff PM, et al. Targeting vascular endothelial growth factor in advanced carcinoid tumor: a random assignment phase II study of depot octreotide with bevacizumab and pegylated interferon alpha-2b. JCO. 2008;26:1316-23.

Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment
ISSN 2454-2857 (Online) 2394-4722 (Print)

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/