fig2

Figure 2. (A) Schematic diagram of the PPPM-E structure; (B) Tensile stress-strain curves of different hydrogels; (C) Schematic diagram of the compression test; (D) Force-time curves under compression cycles; (E) Mass retention-time curves of PPPM-E and PVA at 60 °C; (F) Digital photos of the freeze resistance test for PPPM-E at -20 °C; (G) Schematic diagram of the coin-cell structure; (H) Schematic diagram of the potential synergistic effect of PPPM-E; (I) Ionic conductivity of PPP-E, PPM-E, and PPPM-E (Error bars represent standard deviation, n = 5); (J-L) Bode plot of (J) PPM-E; (K) PPPM-E and (L) PPP-E. PPPM-E: Enhanced-PVA/PAAm/PEDOT:PSS/MgCl₂; PVA: polyvinyl alcohol; PPP-E: enhanced-PVA/PAAm/PEDOT:PSS; PPM-E: enhanced-PVA/PAAm/MgCl₂; PP-E: enhanced-PVA/PAAm; PVA-E: enhanced-PVA.