fig11

Figure 11. Applications of AJP in flexible electronics, sensors, and actuators. (A) Frequency-selective metasurfaces fabricated by AJP^[45]. Reprinted with permission^[45]. Copyright 2025, IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology; (B) ITO-film transparent heaters fabricated by AJP^[137]. Reprinted with permission^[137]. Copyright 2024, Chemical Engineering Journal; (C) Conformal temperature sensor printed on a cylindrical battery^[164]. Reprinted with permission^[164]. Copyright 2025, Advanced Materials Technologies; (D) Joule-heating actuators fabricated on flexible substrates by AJP and their actuation process^[189]. Copyright 2025, Nano Letters; (E) Schematic diagram of AJP-based biosensor and graphene electrode fabrication, together with a comparison of SARS-CoV-2 specificity and selectivity^[193]. The asterisks represent statistical significance according to a t-test. ^*P ≤ 0.05, ^**P ≤ 0.01, ^***P ≤ 0.001, ^****P ≤ 0.0001. Reprinted with permission^[193]. Copyright 2023, Analytical Chemistry. AJP: Aerosol jet printing; ITO: indium tin oxide; SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.