fig4

Figure 4. Liver organoid-based assessment of MOF ZIF-8 biocompatibility. (A) Cell viability determination using the standard CellTiter-Glo® luminescent assay, which quantifies ATP as a key indicator of cell health, and (B) liver function testing of hepatic organoids at 96 h after exposure to increasing concentrations of ZIF-8. No apparent dose-dependent reduction in viability was observed, and the IC₅₀ was not reached within the tested concentration range (0-300 μg/mL). For panel A, statistical analyses across the nine concentration groups were performed using ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test, with the untreated group (0 μg/mL) serving as the control. For panel B, statistical analyses involving three groups were performed using ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test, with the untreated group serving as the control. “ns” indicates not significant (P > 0.05). Error bars represent the standard deviation. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3 biological replicates). MOF: Metal–organic framework; ZIF-8: zeolitic imidazolate framework-8; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; ANOVA: analysis of variance; SD: standard deviation; GPT/ALT: alanine aminotransferase; GOT/AST: aspartate aminotransferase.