fig8
Figure 8. (A) Z-direction deviation between experimental points and simulated nodes in mask shells, with scanned experimental points visualized using a colormap (units: mm); (B) Experimental results presented from multiple viewing angles, with a 10 mm scale bar. The transparent color corresponds to the SMP material, while the black and brown colors represent PLA; (C) Simulated results for the curved matrix shell from front, side, and bottom views, with a 10 mm scale bar; (D) Z-direction deviation between experimental points and simulated nodes in the curve matrix shell, with experimental points visualized using a colormap (units: mm). SMP: Shape memory polymer; PLA: polylactic acid.








