fig8

Figure 8. The anisotropic hydrogel actuators with patterned structures. (A) Fabrication and shape-programmable patterns of MOF-containing hydrogel actuator. Reproduced with permission^[146]. Copyright 2022, American Chemical Society; (B) Schematic diagram of the synthesis and shape-editable process for the photoreceptor-sensitive hydrogel actuator. Reproduced with permission^[43]. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH; (C) The schematic diagram and movement process of the soft walking actuator. Reproduced with permission^[147]. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH. MOF: Metal-organic framework.