fig4

Figure 4. Characterization and testing of biodegradable polymer materials. (A) Characterization of surface morphology for PLLA films and fibers degraded in vitro^[116]. Copyright 2018, Wiley; (B) Flexibility, tensile stress-strain curves, transparency, and transmission spectra of biodegradable PHA films^[118]. Copyright 2023, Wiley; (C) Biocompatibility test of PLLA & PLGA fiber with SEM^[47]. Copyright 2020, Wiley. PLLA: Polylactic acid; PHA: polyhydroxyalkanoate; PLGA: poly lactic-co-glycolic acid; SEM: scanning electron microscope.