REFERENCES

1. Zhang, Y.; Yan, Z.; Nan, K.; et al. A mechanically driven form of Kirigami as a route to 3D mesostructures in micro/nanomembranes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2015, 112, 11757-64.

2. Lumpkin, E. A.; Caterina, M. J. Mechanisms of sensory transduction in the skin. Nature 2007, 445, 858-65.

3. Johnson, K. O. The roles and functions of cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2001, 11, 455-61.

4. Boutry, C. M.; Negre, M.; Jorda, M.; et al. A hierarchically patterned, bioinspired e-skin able to detect the direction of applied pressure for robotics. Sci. Robot. 2018, 3, 9.

5. Wang, X.; Dong, L.; Zhang, H.; Yu, R.; Pan, C.; Wang, Z. L. Recent progress in electronic skin. Adv. Sci. 2015, 2, 1500169.

6. Gong, S.; Schwalb, W.; Wang, Y.; et al. A wearable and highly sensitive pressure sensor with ultrathin gold nanowires. Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 3132.

7. Yang, J. C.; Mun, J.; Kwon, S. Y.; Park, S.; Bao, Z.; Park, S. Electronic skin: recent progress and future prospects for skin-attachable devices for health monitoring, robotics, and prosthetics. Adv. Mater. 2019, 31, 1904765.

8. Pang, C.; Lee, G. Y.; Kim, T. I.; et al. A flexible and highly sensitive strain-gauge sensor using reversible interlocking of nanofibres. Nat. Mater. 2012, 11, 795-801.

9. Sun, Q.; Seung, W.; Kim, B. J.; Seo, S.; Kim, S. W.; Cho, J. H. Active matrix electronic skin strain sensor based on piezopotential-powered graphene transistors. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 3411-7.

10. Larson, C.; Peele, B.; Li, S.; et al. Highly stretchable electroluminescent skin for optical signaling and tactile sensing. Science 2016, 351, 1071-4.

11. Someya, T.; Bao, Z.; Malliaras, G. G. The rise of plastic bioelectronics. Nature 2016, 540, 379-85.

12. Yuk H, ; Lu B, ; Zhao X,. Hydrogel bioelectronics. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2019, 48, 1642-67.

13. Mannsfeld, S. C.; Tee, B. C.; Stoltenberg, R. M.; et al. Highly sensitive flexible pressure sensors with microstructured rubber dielectric layers. Nat. Mater. 2010, 9, 859-64.

14. Schwartz, G.; Tee, B. C.; Mei, J.; et al. Flexible polymer transistors with high pressure sensitivity for application in electronic skin and health monitoring. Nat. Commun. 2013, 4, 1859.

15. Lee, S.; Reuveny, A.; Reeder, J.; et al. A transparent bending-insensitive pressure sensor. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2016, 11, 472-8.

16. Xue, C.; Zhao, Y.; Liao, Y.; Zhang, H. Bioinspired super-robust conductive hydrogels for machine learning-assisted tactile perception system. Adv. Mater. 2025, 37, e2416275.

17. Chen, W.; Liu, S.; Zhuang, J.; et al. Emerging metal oxide based triboelectric nanogenerators for energy collection and self-powered sensing. Mater. Sci. Eng. R. Rep. 2026, 167, 101119.

18. Tee, B. C.; Chortos, A.; Berndt, A.; et al. A skin-inspired organic digital mechanoreceptor. Science 2015, 350, 313-6.

19. Wang, S.; Oh, J. Y.; Xu, J.; Tran, H.; Bao, Z. Skin-inspired electronics: an emerging paradigm. Acc. Chem. Res. 2018, 51, 1033-45.

20. Chen, H.; Jing, Y.; Lee, J.; et al. Human skin-inspired integrated multidimensional sensors based on highly anisotropic structures. Mater. Horiz. 2020, 7, 2378-89.

21. Duan, S.; Wei, X.; Zhao, F.; et al. Bioinspired Young’s modulus-hierarchical E-skin with decoupling multimodality and neuromorphic encoding outputs to biosystems. Adv. Sci. 2023, 10, e2304121.

22. Liu, Z.; Hu, X.; Bo, R.; et al. A three-dimensionally architected electronic skin mimicking human mechanosensation. Science 2024, 384, 987-94.

23. Lu, C.; Chen, X.; Zhang, X. Highly sensitive artificial skin perception enabled by a bio-inspired interface. ACS. Sens. 2023, 8, 1624-9.

24. Zhang, Y.; Liu, C.; Jia, B.; et al. Kirigami-inspired, three-dimensional piezoelectric pressure sensors assembled by compressive buckling. npj. Flex. Electron. 2024, 8, 23.

25. Li, X.; Zhu, P.; Zhang, S.; et al. A self-supporting, conductor-exposing, stretchable, ultrathin, and recyclable kirigami-structured liquid metal paper for multifunctional E-skin. ACS. Nano. 2022, 16, 5909-19.

26. Xin, X.; Wang, Z.; Zeng, C.; et al. 4D printing bio-inspired chiral metamaterials for flexible sensors. Compos. Part. B. Eng. 2024, 286, 111761.

27. Wang, Y.; Wang, C. Buckling of ultrastretchable kirigami metastructures for mechanical programmability and energy harvesting. Int. J. Solids. Struct. 2021, 213, 93-102.

28. Won, P.; Park, J. J.; Lee, T.; et al. Stretchable and transparent kirigami conductor of nanowire percolation network for electronic skin applications. Nano. Lett. 2019, 19, 6087-96.

29. Meng, K.; Xiao, X.; Liu, Z.; et al. Kirigami-inspired pressure sensors for wearable dynamic cardiovascular monitoring. Adv. Mater. 2022, 34, e2202478.

30. Sreevanya, G. V.; Lee, S.; Cheon, H.; Kim, M.; Kim, H. Highly stretchable and flexible kirigami patterned silver electrodes for wearable electronics. Sens. Actuators. A. Phys. 2024, 378, 115813.

31. Zhang, S.; Wang, S.; Zheng, Y.; et al. Coaxial 3D-Printed and kirigami-inspired deployable wearable electronics for complex body surfaces. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2021, 216, 109041.

32. Jiao, R.; Wang, Z.; Wang, R.; et al. Deep learning based large‐area contact sensing for safe human–robot interaction using conformal kirigami structure‐enabled robotic E‐skin. Adv. Intell. Syst. 2025, 7, 2400903.

33. Dang, X.; Paulino, G. H. Kirigami Engineering: The Interplay Between Geometry and Mechanics. Appl. Mech. Rev. 2025, 77, 050801.

34. Shu, J.; Wang, J.; Li, Z.; Tong, R. K. Impact of pattern design on the performance of kirigami-inspired flexible piezoresistive strain sensors. In 2024 17th International Convention on Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology (i-CREATe), Shanghai, China, August 23-26, 2024; IEEE, 2024, pp 1-5.[DOI:10.1109/i-CREATe62067.2024.10776469].

35. Wang, Z.; Lei, K.; Tang, H.; et al. STEV: stretchable triboelectric e-skin enabled proprioceptive vibration sensing for soft robot. In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), London, United Kingdom, May 29 - June 2, 2023; IEEE, 2023, pp 588-93.

36. Hu, X.; Liu, Z.; Tang, Z.; et al. Rational assembly of 3D network materials and electronics through tensile buckling. Sci. Adv. 2025, 11, eadz0718.

37. Guo, X.; Ni, X.; Li, J.; et al. Designing mechanical metamaterials with kirigami-inspired, hierarchical constructions for giant positive and negative thermal expansion. Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, e2004919.

38. Meng, Q.; Zhu, J.; Kang, C.; et al. Kirigami-inspired flexible lithium-ion batteries via transformation of concentrated stress into segmented strain. Small 2022, 18, e2204745.

39. Yin, Y.; Yu, Y.; Li, B.; Chen, G. Notch flexure as kirigami cut for tunable mechanical stretchability towards metamaterial application. Int. J. Smart. Nano. Mater. 2022, 13, 203-17.

40. Guo, W.; Lei, Y.; Zhao, X.; et al. Printed-scalable microstructure BaTiO3/ecoflex nanocomposite for high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators and self-powered human-machine interaction. Nano. Energy. 2024, 131, 110324.

41. Song, Y.; Liu, T.; Hu, A.; et al. A haptic glove with flexible piezoresistive sensors made by graphene and polyurethane sponge for object recognition based on machine learning methods. ACS. Appl. Electron. Mater. 2025, 7, 3448-60.

42. Beigh, N. T.; Alcheikh, N. Vapor-induced porosity in graphene/PDMS: a scalable route to high-performance pressure sensors. Microsyst. Nanoeng. 2025, 11, 181.

43. Uzabakiriho, P. C.; Fan, J.; Wang, M.; Shaw, P. Multiaxial flexible strain sensors with near-zero Poisson’s ratio. Chem. Eng. J. 2025, 522, 167761.

44. Kang, S.; Mete, M.; Gandla, S.; et al. An 18-g haptic feedback ring with a three-axis force-sensing skin. Nat. Electron. 2025, 8, 1234-46.

45. Xu, M.; Zhang, J.; Dong, C.; et al. Simultaneous isotropic omnidirectional hypersensitive strain sensing and deep learning-assisted direction recognition in a biomimetic stretchable device. Adv. Mater. 2025, 37, e2420322.

Soft Science
ISSN 2769-5441 (Online)

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/