fig5

Figure 5. Different types of pressure sensors and their performance. (A) Device schematic of the capacitive-based wearable sensor and its relative capacitance variation under different applied pressures. Reproduced with permission^[140]. Copyright 2025, American Chemical Society; (B) Poloxamer-based ionic hydrogel as a wearable sensor and Relative capacitance changes of the porous ionic hydrogels. Reproduced with permission^[141]. Copyright 2024, American Chemical Society; (C) Schematic illustration and its electrode-skin contact impedances. Reproduced with permission^[156]. Copyright 2019, American Association for the Advancement of Science; (D) The structure of CNT/ACET/PDMS sensors and the normalized current variation of sensor under different pressures. Reproduced with permission^[157]. Copyright 2025, American Association for the Advancement of Science; (E) Structure schematic of the piezoelectric transducer cell and BP testing on volunteers with different BMI. Reproduced with permission^[163]. Copyright 2025, American Association for the Advancement of Science; (F) Pulse monitoring sensor structure and comparison of the magnitude of pulse signals measured at different locations. Reproduced with permission^[164]. Copyright 2023, Elsevier B.V. CNT: Carbon nanotube; ACET: acetylene black; PDMS: polydimethylsiloxane; BP: blood pressure; BMI: body mass index; GO: graphene oxide; sEMG: surface electromyography; FPSM: flexible perovskite solar module; PZT: lead zirconate titanate; PEDOT:PSS: poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate); rGO: reduced graphene oxide; PVA: polyvinyl alcohol; PVDF-TrFE: poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene); AgNW: silver nanowire.