fig4

Figure 4. Different types of temperature sensors and their performance. (A) Wearable sensor integrated with a RTD and its performance. Reproduced with permission^[111]. Copyright 2025, Springer Nature; (B) Capacitive temperature sensors and their performance. Reproduced with permission^[119]. Copyright 2022, American Association for the Advancement of Science; (C) Schematic illustration of the sensor and the resistance–temperature relationship of the NTC sensor. Reproduced with permission^[129]. Copyright 2025, American Chemical Society. RTD: Resistance temperature detector; NTC: negative temperature coefficient; MCU: microcontroller unit.