fig4

Figure 4. Cumulative effects of metabolic, behavioral, and early-life factors on (A) baseline MASLD; (B) follow-up MASLD; (C) MASLD incidence; and (D) persistent MASLD. Models were adjusted for age, sex, WHtR group, and school clustering. Figure generated using R 4.2.1. OR: Odds ratio; MASLD: metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; WHtR: waist-to-height ratio.