fig1

Figure 1. Study flowchart. The study included 107 adults with obesity who underwent CMR and metabolic laboratory assessments. The analytical workflow comprised group comparisons (BMI and MetS strata), correlation analyses between CMR and laboratory indices, LASSO feature selection, and logistic regression for predictive evaluation of metabolic biomarkers associated with cardiac remodeling. MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; CMR: cardiac magnetic resonance; BMI: body mass index; MetS: metabolic syndrome; INS: insulin; FFAs: free fatty acids; LASSO: least absolute shrinkage and selection operator; ROC: receiver operating characteristic; AUC: area under the curve.