fig5

Figure 5. Interlaminar strain engineering strategy for enhanced ESP in MLCCs. (A) Schematic illustration of the engineered MLCC (S4) featuring a periodic heterogeneous layer structure; (B) Comparison of domain structures and P-E loops for S1, S2, and S3 under high electric fields. Samples S1 and S3, characterized by small domains, exhibit slim P-E loops with minimal hysteresis and negligible P_r, albeit with low maximum polarization. This figure is quoted with permission from Yang et al.^[61]. ESP: Energy storage performance; MLCC: multilayer ceramic capacitor; AEF: antiferroelectric; FE: ferroelectric.