REFERENCES
1. Milano MT, Zhang H. Malignant pleural mesothelioma: a population-based study of survival. J Thorac Oncol 2010;5:1841-8.
2. Beasley MB, Galateau-Salle F, Dacic S. Pleural mesothelioma classification update. Virchows Arch 2021;478:59-72.
3. Husain AN, Colby TV, Ordóñez NG, et al. Guidelines for pathologic diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma 2017 update of the consensus statement from the international mesothelioma interest group. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2018;142:89-108.
4. Viscardi G, Di Liello R, Morgillo F. How I treat malignant pleural mesothelioma. ESMO Open 2020;4:e000669.
5. Vogelzang NJ, Rusthoven JJ, Symanowski J, et al. Phase III study of pemetrexed in combination with cisplatin versus cisplatin alone in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:2636-44.
6. Zalcman G, Mazieres J, Margery J, et al. French cooperative thoracic intergroup (IFCT), bevacizumab for newly diagnosed pleural mesothelioma in the mesothelioma avastin cisplatin pemetrexed study (MAPS): a randomised, controlled, open- label, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2016;387:1405-14.
7. Scagliotti GV, Gaafar R, Nowak AK, et al. Nintedanib in combination with pemetrexed and cisplatin for chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma (LUME-Meso): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet Respir Med 2019;7:569-80.
8. Davis AP, Kao SC, Clarke SJ, Boyer M, Pavlakis N. Emerging biological therapies for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2021;26:179-92.
9. Ge Z, Peppelenbosch MP, Sprengers D, Kwekkeboom J. TIGIT, the next step towards successful combination immune checkpoint therapy in cancer. Front Immunol 2021;12:699895.
10. Baas P, Scherpereel A, Nowak AK, et al. First-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab in unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma (CheckMate 743): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2021;397:375-86.
11. Yap TA, Nakagawa K, Fujimoto N, et al. Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in patients with advanced mesothelioma in the open-label, single-arm, phase 2 KEYNOTE-158 study. Lancet Respir Med 2021;2021:S2213260020305154.
12. Okada M, Kijima T, Aoe K, et al. Clinical efficacy and safety of nivolumab: results of a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, japanese phase ii study in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MERIT). Clin Cancer Res 2019;25:5485-92.
13. Calabrò L, Morra A, Fonsatti E, et al. Tremelimumab for patients with chemotherapy-resistant advanced malignant mesothelioma: an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2013;14:1104-11.
14. Calabrò L, Ceresoli GL, di Pietro A, et al. CTLA4 blockade in mesothelioma: finally a competing strategy over cytotoxic/target therapy? Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015;64:105-12.
15. Calabrò L, Morra A, Fonsatti E, et al. Efficacy and safety of an intensified schedule of tremelimumab for chemotherapy-resistant malignant mesothelioma: an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study. Lancet Respir Med 2015;3:301-9.
16. Maio M, Scherpereel A, Calabrò L, et al. Tremelimumab as second-line or third-line treatment in relapsed malignant mesothelioma (DETERMINE): a multicentre, international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial. Lancet Oncol 2017;18:1261-73.
17. Calabrò L, Ceresoli GL, D’Incecco A, Scherperee A, Aerts J, Maio M. Immune checkpoint therapy of mesothelioma: pre-clinical bases and clinical evidences. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2017;36:25-31.
18. Quispel-Janssen J, van der Noort V, de Vries JF, et al. Programmed death 1 blockade with nivolumab in patients with recurrent malignant pleural mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2018;13:1569-76.
19. Hassan R, Thomas A, Nemunaitis JJ, et al. Efficacy and safety of avelumab treatment in patients with advanced unresectable mesothelioma: phase 1b results from the JAVELIN solid tumor trial. JAMA Oncol 2019;5:351-7.
20. Alley EW, Lopez J, Santoro A, et al. Clinical safety and activity of pembrolizumab in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (KEYNOTE-028): preliminary results from a non-randomised, open-label, phase 1b trial. Lancet Oncol 2017;18:623-30.
21. Fujimoto N, Okada M, Kijima T, et al. Clinical efficacy and safety of nivolumab in Japanese patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma: 3-year results of the MERIT study. JTO Clin Res Rep 2021;2:100135.
22. Popat S, Curioni-Fontecedro A, Dafni U, et al. A multicentre randomised phase III trial comparing pembrolizumab versus single-agent chemotherapy for advanced pre-treated malignant pleural mesothelioma: the European Thoracic Oncology Platform (ETOP 9-15) PROMISE-meso trial. Ann Oncol 2020;31:1734-45.
23. Fennell DA, Ewings S, Ottensmeier C, et al. Nivolumab versus placebo in patients with relapsed malignant mesothelioma (CONFIRM): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2021;22:1530-40.
24. Topalian SL, Taube JM, Anders RA, Pardoll DM. Mechanism-driven biomarkers to guide immune checkpoint blockade in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2016;16:275-87.
25. Chen J, Li S, Yao Q, et al. The efficacy and safety of combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab plus ipilimumab): a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2020;18:150.
26. Arru C, De Miglio MR, Cossu A, et al. Durvalumab plus tremelimumab in solid tumors: a systematic review. Adv Ther 2021;38:3674-93.
27. Calabrò L, Morra A, Giannarelli D, et al. Tremelimumab combined with durvalumab in patients with mesothelioma (NIBIT-MESO-1): an open-label, non-randomised, phase 2 study. Lancet Respir Med 2018;6:451-60.
28. Calabrò L, Rossi G, Morra A, et al. Tremelimumab plus durvalumab retreatment and 4-year outcomes in patients with mesothelioma: a follow-up of the open label, non-randomised, phase 2 NIBIT-MESO-1 study. Lancet Respir Med 2021;9:969-76.
29. Scherpereel A, Mazieres J, Greillier L, et al. Nivolumab or nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with relapsed malignant pleural mesothelioma (IFCT-1501 MAPS2): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, non-comparative, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2019;20:239-53.
30. Disselhorst MJ, Quispel-janssen J, Lalezari F, et al. Ipilimumab and nivolumab in the treatment of recurrent malignant pleural mesothelioma (INITIATE): results of a prospective, single-arm, phase 2 trial. Lancet Respir Med 2019;7:260-70.
31. Scherpereel A, Antonia S, Bautista Y, et al. First-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus chemotherapy for the treatment of unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma: patient-reported outcomes in CheckMate 743. Lung Cancer 2022;167:8-16.
32. Peters S, Scherpereel A, Cornelissen R, et al. First-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus chemotherapy in patients with unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma: 3-year outcomes from CheckMate 743. Ann Oncol 2022;33:488-99.
33. Wright K. FDA approves nivolumab plus ipilimumab for previously untreated unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma. Oncology 2020;34:502-3.
34. Kaur J, Elms J, Munn AL, Good D, Wei MQ. Immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as a stand-alone and in combination therapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021;164:103417.
35. Albittar AA, Alhalabi O, Glitza Oliva IC. Immunotherapy for melanoma. Adv Exp Med Biol 2020;1244:51-68.
36. Esposito G, Palumbo G, Carillio G, et al. Immunotherapy in small cell lung cancer. Cancers 2020;12:2522.
37. Ganesh K, Stadler ZK, Cercek A, et al. Immunotherapy in colorectal cancer: rationale, challenges and potential. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019;16:361-75.
39. Forde PM, Anagnostou V, Sun Z, et al. Durvalumab with platinum-pemetrexed for unresectable pleural mesothelioma: survival, genomic and immunologic analyses from the phase 2 PrE0505 trial. Nat Med 2021;27:1910-20.
40. Nowak AK, Lesterhuis WJ, Kok P, et al. Durvalumab with first-line chemotherapy in previously untreated malignant pleural mesothelioma (DREAM): a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial with a safety run-in. Lancet Oncol 2020;21:1213-23.
41. Kok PS, Forde PM, Hughes B, et al. Protocol of DREAM3R: DuRvalumab with chEmotherapy as first-line treAtment in advanced pleural Mesothelioma-a phase 3 randomised trial. BMJ Open 2022;12:e057663.
42. Ordóñez NG. Value of mesothelin immunostaining in the diagnosis of mesothelioma. Mod Pathol 2003;16:192-7.
43. Beatty GL, Haas AR, Maus MV, et al. Mesothelin-specific chimeric antigen receptor mRNA-engineered T cells induce antitumor activity in solid malignancies. Cancer Immunol Res 2014;;2:112-20.
44. Wang X, Rivière I. Clinical manufacturing of CAR T cells: foundation of a promising therapy. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2016;3:16015.
45. Maus MV, Haas AR, Beatty GL, et al. T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors can cause anaphylaxis in humans. Cancer Immunol Res 2013;1:26-31.
46. Haas AR, Tanyi JL, O’Hara MH, et al. Phase I study of lentiviral-transduced chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells recognizing mesothelin in advanced solid cancers. Mol Ther 2019;27:1919-29.
47. Ghosn M, Cheema W, Zhu A, et al. Image-guided interventional radiological delivery of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for pleural malignancies in a phase I/II clinical trial. Lung Cancer 2022;165:1-9.
48. Adusumilli PS, Zauderer MG, Riviere I, et al. A phase I trial of regional mesothelin-targeted CAR T-cell therapy in patients with malignant pleural disease, in combination with the anti-PD-1 agent pembrolizumab. Cancer Discov 2021;11:2768.
49. Schuberth PC, Hagedorn C, Jensen SM, et al. Treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma by fibroblast activation protein-specific re-directed T cells. J Transl Med 2013;11:187.
50. Petrausch U, Schuberth PC, Hagedorn C, et al. Re-directed T cells for the treatment of fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-positive malignant pleural mesothelioma (FAPME-1). BMC Cancer 2012;12:615.
51. Curioni A, Britschgi C, Hiltbrunner S, et al. A phase I clinical trial of malignant pleural mesothelioma treated with locally delivered autologous anti-FAP-targeted CAR T-cells. Ann Oncol 2019;30:v501.
52. Thayaparan T, Petrovic RM, Achkova DY, et al. CAR T-cell immunotherapy of MET-expressing malignant mesothelioma. OncoImmunology 2017;6:e1363137.
53. Klampatsa A, Achkova DY, Davies DM, et al. Intracavitary “T4 immunotherapy” of malignant mesothelioma using pan-ErbB re-targeted CAR T-cells. Cancer Lett 2017;393:52-9.
54. Al-Taei S, Salimu J, Lester JF, et al. Overexpression and potential targeting of the oncofoetal antigen 5T4 in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Lung Cancer 2012;77:312-8.
55. Beard RE, Zheng Z, Lagisetty KH, et al. Multiple chimeric antigen receptors successfully target chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 in several different cancer histologies and cancer stem cells. J Immunother Cancer 2014;2:25.
56. Akbari P, Huijbers EJM, Themeli M, Griffioen AW, van Beijnum JR. The tumor vasculature an attractive CAR T cell target in solid tumors. Angiogenesis 2019;22:473-5.
57. Song Q, Zhang CD, Wu XH. Therapeutic cancer vaccines: from initial findings to prospects. Immunol Lett 2018;196:11-21.
58. Hegmans JP, Hemmes A, Aerts JG, Hoogsteden HC, Lambrecht BN. Immunotherapy of murine malignant mesothelioma using tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;171:1168-77.
59. Hegmans JP, Veltman JD, Lambers ME, et al. Consolidative dendritic cell-based immunotherapy elicits cytotoxicity against malignant mesothelioma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010;181:1383-90.
60. Cornelissen R, Hegmans JP, Maat AP, et al. Extended tumor control after dendritic cell vaccination with low-dose cyclophosphamide as adjuvant treatment in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016;193:1023-31.
61. Belderbos RA, Baas P, Berardi R, et al. A multicenter, randomized, phase II/III study of dendritic cells loaded with allogeneic tumor cell lysate (MesoPher) in subjects with mesothelioma as maintenance therapy after chemotherapy: DENdritic cell immunotherapy for mesothelioma (DENIM) trial. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2019;8:280-5.
62. Liu MA. DNA vaccines: an historical perspective and view to the future. Immunol Rev 2011;239:62-84.
63. Yang B, Jeang J, Yang A, Wu TC, Hung CF. DNA vaccine for cancer immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2014;10:3153-64.
64. Kreiter S, Diken M, Selmi A, Türeci Ö, Sahin U. Tumor vaccination using messenger RNA: prospects of a future therapy. Curr Opin Immunol 2011;23:399-406.
65. McNamara MA, Nair SK, Holl EK. RNA-based vaccines in cancer immunotherapy. J Immunol Res 2015;2015:794528.
67. Msaouel P, Opyrchal M, Dispenzieri A, et al. Clinical trials with oncolytic measles virus: current status and future prospects. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2018;18:177-87.
68. Eguchi T, Kadota K, Mayor M, et al. Cancer antigen profiling for malignant pleural mesothelioma immunotherapy: expression and coexpression of mesothelin, cancer antigen 125, and Wilms tumor 1. Oncotarget 2017;8:77872-82.
69. Zauderer MG, Tsao AS, Dao T, et al. A randomized phase II trial of adjuvant galinpepimut-S, WT-1 analogue peptide vaccine, after multimodality therapy for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Clin Cancer Res 2017;23:7483-9.
70. Hassan R, Alley E, Kindler H, et al. Clinical response of live-attenuated, Listeria monocytogenes expressing mesothelin (CRS-207) with chemotherapy in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Clin Cancer Res 2019;25:5787-98.
71. Rossini M, Rizzo P, Bononi I, et al. New perspectives on diagnosis and therapy of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Front Oncol 2018;8:91.
72. Harber J, Kamata T, Pritchard C, Fennell D. Matter of TIME: the tumor-immune microenvironment of mesothelioma and implications for checkpoint blockade efficacy. J Immunother Cancer 2021;9:e003032.
73. Rijavec E, Biello F, Barletta G, Dellepiane C, Genova C. Novel approaches for the treatment of unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma: a focus on immunotherapy and target therapy (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 2022;16:89.
