fig3

Figure 3. T lymphocytes within the TME of PDAC. Regulatory T cell (Tregs) and CD4⁺ helper 17 (Th17) cells. Along with tumor-associated macrophages, they inhibit cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Additionally, the dense stroma confers elevated intratumoral pressures resulting in vascular compression, which reduces the recruitment of cytotoxic T lymphocytes to the TME. CTL: cytotoxic T lymphocyte; TAM: tumor-associate macrophage; ECM: extracellular matrix; PDAC: pancreatic adenocarcinoma; Treg: regulatory T lymphocyte. TH17, CD4⁺ helper 17 lymphocyte. (Adopted from Carr et al., EMBO Mol Med. 2016;8:80-2. doi:10.15252/emmm.201505948).