fig2

Figure 2. Schematic of novel CARs designed to enhance the efficacy of CAR-T cells in solid tumors. (A) CARs targeting two TAAs (dual CAR expressing T cell); (B) tandem CARs (TanCARs) that have two different scFVs connected in tandem to one CAR T-cell and deal with antigen escape or multiple tumor antigens; (C) armored CARs secreting cytokines, antibodies and other immunomodulatory agents in the TME upon CAR-antigen engagement; (D) switchable CARs that utilize different target molecules specific for each TAA and can redirect CAR-T cells against various types of tumors; (E) inhibitory CARs that, upon interaction with normal cells expressing the TAA, prevent downstream signaling cascades inhibiting CAR-T cell function; (F) synNotch CARs, in which recognition of a specific TAA (TAA1) on tumor cell through synNotch receptor, cleaves the receptor to release a transcription factor (TF) specific for the induction and expression of a CAR against a second TAA (TAA2).