REFERENCES
2. Cohn SL, Pearson AD, London WB, et al. The International Neuroblastoma Risk Group (INRG) classification system: an INRG Task Force report. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:289-97.
3. Monclair T, Brodeur GM, Ambros PF, et al. The International Neuroblastoma Risk Group (INRG) staging system: an INRG Task Force report. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:298-303.
4. Ambros PF, Ambros IM, Brodeur GM, et al. International consensus for neuroblastoma molecular diagnostics: report from the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group (INRG) Biology Committee. Br J Cancer 2009;100:1471-82.
5. Matthay KK, Shulkin B, Ladenstein R, et al. Criteria for evaluation of disease extent by (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scans in neuroblastoma: a report for the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group (INRG) Task Force. Br J Cancer 2010;102:1319-26.
6. Sung AJ, Weiss BD, Sharp SE, Zhang B, Trout AT. Prognostic significance of pretreatment 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography in pediatric neuroblastoma. Pediatr Radiol 2021;51:1400-5.
7. Berlanga P, Pasqualini C, Pötschger U, et al. Central nervous system relapse in high-risk stage 4 neuroblastoma: The HR-NBL1/SIOPEN trial experience. Eur J Cancer 2021;144:1-8.
8. Ladenstein R, Lambert B, Pötschger U, et al. Validation of the mIBG skeletal SIOPEN scoring method in two independent high-risk neuroblastoma populations: the SIOPEN/HR-NBL1 and COG-A3973 trials. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018;45:292-305.
9. Garaventa A, Poetschger U, Valteau-Couanet D, et al. Randomized trial of two induction therapy regimens for high-risk neuroblastoma: HR-NBL1.5 International society of pediatric oncology European neuroblastoma group study. J Clin Oncol 2021;39:2552-63.
10. Ladenstein R, Pötschger U, Pearson ADJ, et al. Busulfan and melphalan
11. Park JR, Kreissman SG, London WB, et al. Effect of tandem autologous stem cell transplant vs single transplant on event-free survival in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2019;322:746-55.
12. Ladenstein R, Pötschger U, Valteau-Couanet D, et al. Investigation of the role of dinutuximab beta-based immunotherapy in the SIOPEN high-risk neuroblastoma 1 Trial (HR-NBL1). Cancers 2020;12:309.
13. Yu AL, Gilman AL, Ozkaynak MF, et al. Long-term follow-up of a phase III study of ch14.18 (Dinutuximab) + cytokine immunotherapy in children with high-risk neuroblastoma: COG study ANBL0032. Clin Cancer Res 2021;27:2179-89.
14. Holmes K, Pötschger U, Pearson ADJ, et al. Influence of surgical excision on the survival of patients with stage 4 high-risk neuroblastoma: a report from the HR-NBL1/SIOPEN study. J Clin Oncol 2020;38:2902-15.
15. von Allmen D, Davidoff AM, London WB, et al. Impact of extent of resection on local control and survival in patients from the COG A3973 study with high-risk neuroblastoma. J Clin Oncol 2017;35:208-16.
16. Arumugam S, Manning-Cork NJ, Gains JE, Boterberg T, Gaze MN. The evidence for external beam radiotherapy in high-risk neuroblastoma of childhood: a systematic review. Clin Oncol 2019;31:182-90.
17. Liu KX, Naranjo A, Zhang FF, et al. Prospective evaluation of radiation dose escalation in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma and gross residual disease after surgery: a report from the children’s oncology group ANBL0532 study. J Clin Oncol 2020;38:2741-52.
18. Deacon JM, Wilson PA, Peckham MJ. The radiobiology of human neuroblastoma. Radiother Oncol 1985;3:201-9.
19. Flandin I, Hartmann O, Michon J, et al. Impact of TBI on late effects in children treated by megatherapy for Stage IV neuroblastoma. A study of the French Society of Pediatric oncology. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;64:1424-31.
20. Hobbie WL, Li Y, Carlson C, et al. Late effects in survivors of high-risk neuroblastoma following stem cell transplant with and without total body irradiation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022;69:e29537.
21. Haas-Kogan DA, Swift PS, Selch M, et al. Impact of radiotherapy for high-risk neuroblastoma: a Children’s Cancer Group study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003;56:28-39.
22. Matthay KK, Edeline V, Lumbroso J, et al. Correlation of early metastatic response by 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy with overall response and event-free survival in stage IV neuroblastoma. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:2486-91.
23. Schmidt M, Simon T, Hero B, Schicha H, Berthold F. The prognostic impact of functional imaging with (123)I-mIBG in patients with stage 4 neuroblastoma >1 year of age on a high-risk treatment protocol: results of the German Neuroblastoma Trial NB97. Eur J Cancer 2008;44:1552-8.
24. Gaze MN, Boterberg T, Dieckmann K, et al. Results of a quality assurance review of external beam radiation therapy in the International Society of Paediatric Oncology (Europe) Neuroblastoma Group’s High-risk Neuroblastoma Trial: a SIOPEN study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013;85:170-4.
25. Simon T, Hero B, Schulte JH, et al. 2017 GPOH guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of patients with neuroblastic tumors. Klin Padiatr 2017;229:147-67.
26. Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev 2015;4:1.
27. Brodeur GM, Pritchard J, Berthold F, et al. Revisions of the international criteria for neuroblastoma diagnosis, staging, and response to treatment. J Clin Oncol 1993;11:1466-77.
28. Centre for evidence-based medicine: critical appraisal tools. Available from: https://www.cebm.ox.ac.uk/resources/ebm-tools/critical-appraisal-tools [Last accessed on 10 Feb 2023].
29. Centre for evidence-based medicine: finding the evidence: a how-to guide. Available from: https://www.cebm.ox.ac.uk/resources/ebm-tools/finding-the-evidence-tutorial [Last accessed on 10 Feb 2023].
30. Casey DL, Pitter KL, Kushner BH, et al. Radiation therapy to sites of metastatic disease as part of consolidation in high-risk neuroblastoma: can long-term control be achieved? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018;100:1204-9.
31. Polishchuk AL, Li R, Hill-Kayser C, et al. Likelihood of bone recurrence in prior sites of metastasis in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014;89:839-45.
32. Jazmati D, Butzer S, Hero B, et al. Long-term follow-up of children with neuroblastoma receiving radiotherapy to metastatic lesions within the German Neuroblastoma Trials NB97 and NB 2004. Strahlenther Onkol 2021;197:683-9.
33. Kushner BH, Cheung NK, Barker CA, et al. Hyperfractionated low-dose (21 Gy) radiotherapy for cranial skeletal metastases in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009;75:1181-6.
34. Bagley AF, Grosshans DR, Philip NV, et al. Efficacy of proton therapy in children with high-risk and locally recurrent neuroblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019;66:e27786.
35. Li R, Polishchuk A, DuBois S, et al. Patterns of relapse in high-risk neuroblastoma patients treated with and without total body irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017;97:270-7.
36. Mazloom A, Louis CU, Nuchtern J, et al. Radiation therapy to the primary and postinduction chemotherapy MIBG-avid sites in high-risk neuroblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014;90:858-62.
37. Kandula S, Prabhu RS, Nanda R, et al. Outcomes after radiation therapy to metastatic sites in patients with stage 4 neuroblastoma. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2015;37:175-80.
38. Bradfield SM, Douglas JG, Hawkins DS, Sanders JE, Park JR. Fractionated low-dose radiotherapy after myeloablative stem cell transplantation for local control in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Cancer 2004;100:1268-75.
39. Sibley GS, Mundt AJ, Goldman S, et al. Patterns of failure following total body irradiation and bone marrow transplantation with or without a radiotherapy boost for advanced neuroblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1995;32:1127-35.
40. Sangthawan D, DesRosiers PM, Randall ME, Robertson K, Goebel S, Fallon R. Relapse in the skull after myeloablative therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2003;20:23-30.
41. Huijskens SC, Kroon PS, Gaze MN, et al. Radical radiotherapy for paediatric solid tumour metastases: An overview of current European protocols and outcomes of a SIOPE multicenter survey. Eur J Cancer 2021;145:121-31.
42. Kraal KC, Bleeker GM, van Eck-Smit BL, et al. Feasibility, toxicity and response of upfront metaiodobenzylguanidine therapy therapy followed by German Pediatric Oncology Group Neuroblastoma 2004 protocol in newly diagnosed stage 4 neuroblastoma patients. Eur J Cancer 2017;76:188-96.
43. Foster JH, Voss SD, Hall DC, et al. Activity of crizotinib in patients with ALK-aberrant relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma: a children’s oncology group study (ADVL0912). Clin Cancer Res 2021;27:3543-8.
