REFERENCES

1. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin 2020;70:7-30.

2. Labbé DP, Brown M. Transcriptional regulation in prostate cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018;8:a030437.

3. Ellwood-yen K, Graeber TG, Wongvipat J, et al. Myc-driven murine prostate cancer shares molecular features with human prostate tumors. Cancer Cell 2003;4:223-38.

4. Buttyan R, Sawczuk IS, Benson MC, Siegal JD, Olsson CA. Enhanced expression of the c-myc protooncogene in high-grade human prostate cancers. Prostate 1987;11:327-37.

5. Nag A, Smith RG. Amplification, rearrangement, and elevated expression of c-myc in the human prostatic carcinoma cell line LNCaP. Prostate 1989;15:115-22.

6. Edwards J, Krishna NS, Witton CJ, Bartlett JM. Gene amplifications associated with the development of hormone-resistant prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2003;9:5271-81.

7. Gurel B, Iwata T, Koh CM, et al. Nuclear MYC protein overexpression is an early alteration in human prostate carcinogenesis. Mod Pathol 2008;21:1156-67.

8. Fox SB, Persad RA, Royds J, Kore RN, Silcocks PB, Collins CC. p53 and c-myc expression in stage A1 prostatic adenocarcinoma: Useful prognostic determinants? Journal of Urology 1993;150:490-4.

9. Zeng W, Sun H, Meng F, et al. Nuclear C-MYC expression level is associated with disease progression and potentially predictive of two year overall survival in prostate cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015;8:1878-88.

10. Kumar A, Coleman I, Morrissey C, et al. Substantial interindividual and limited intraindividual genomic diversity among tumors from men with metastatic prostate cancer. Nat Med 2016;22:369-78.

11. Ribeiro FR, Jerónimo C, Henrique R, et al. 8q gain is an independent predictor of poor survival in diagnostic needle biopsies from prostate cancer suspects. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12:3961-70.

12. Asangani IA, Dommeti VL, Wang X, et al. Therapeutic targeting of BET bromodomain proteins in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Nature 2014;510:278-82.

13. Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 2011;144:646-74.

14. Stine ZE, Walton ZE, Altman BJ, Hsieh AL, Dang CV. MYC, metabolism, and cancer. Cancer Discov 2015;5:1024-39.

15. Singh KB, Hahm ER, Kim SH, Wendell SG, Singh SV. A novel metabolic function of Myc in regulation of fatty acid synthesis in prostate cancer. Oncogene 2021;40:592-602.

16. Rebello RJ, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Furic L. Therapeutic approaches targeting MYC-driven prostate cancer. Genes (Basel) 2017;8:71.

17. Thompson IM, Goodman PJ, Tangen CM, et al. The influence of finasteride on the development of prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2003;349:215-24.

18. Lippman SM, Klein EA, Goodman PJ, et al. Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). JAMA 2009;301:39-51.

19. Andriole GL, Bostwick DG, Brawley OW, et al. REDUCE Study Group. Effect of dutasteride on the risk of prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2010;362:1192-202.

20. Ju J, Picinich SC, Yang Z, et al. Cancer-preventive activities of tocopherols and tocotrienols. Carcinogenesis 2010;31:533-42.

21. Ting H, Deep G, Agarwal C, Agarwal R. The strategies to control prostate cancer by chemoprevention approaches. Mutat Res 2014;760:1-15.

22. Mokbel K, Wazir U, Mokbel K. Chemoprevention of prostate cancer by natural agents: Evidence from molecular and epidemiological studies. Anticancer Res 2019;39:5231-59.

23. Merarchi M, Jung YY, Fan L, Sethi G, Ahn KS. A brief overview of the antitumoral actions of leelamine. Biomedicines 2019;7:53.

24. Gowda R, Madhunapantula SV, Kuzu OF, Sharma A, Robertson GP. Targeting multiple key signaling pathways in melanoma using leelamine. Mol Cancer Ther 2014;13:1679-89.

25. Singh KB, Ji X, Singh SV. Therapeutic potential of leelamine, a novel inhibitor of androgen receptor and castration-resistant prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2018;17:2079-90.

26. Gao L, Schwartzman J, Gibbs A, et al. Androgen receptor promotes ligand-independent prostate cancer progression through c-Myc upregulation. PLoS One 2013;8:e63563.

27. Singh KB, Hahm ER, Pore SK, Singh SV. Leelamine is a novel lipogenesis inhibitor in prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther 2019;18:1800-10.

28. Hahm ER, Singh KB, Singh SV. c-Myc is a novel target of cell cycle arrest by honokiol in prostate cancer cells. Cell Cycle 2016;15:2309-20.

29. Xiao D, Srivastava SK, Lew KL, et al. Allyl isothiocyanate, a constituent of cruciferous vegetables, inhibits proliferation of human prostate cancer cells by causing G2/M arrest and inducing apoptosis. Carcinogenesis 2003;24:891-7.

30. Hahm ER, Lee J, Kim SH, et al. Metabolic alterations in mammary cancer prevention by withaferin A in a clinically relevant mouse model. J Natl Cancer Inst 2013;105:1111-22.

31. Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method. Methods 2001;25:402-8.

32. Xiao D, Choi S, Johnson DE, et al. Diallyl trisulfide-induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells involves c-Jun N-terminal kinase and extracellular-signal regulated kinase-mediated phosphorylation of Bcl-2. Oncogene 2004;23:5594-606.

33. Song M, Lee D, Lee T, Lee S. Determination of leelamine in mouse plasma by LC-MS/MS and its pharmacokinetics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013;931:170-3.

34. Chen H, Zhou L, Wu X, et al. The PI3K/AKT pathway in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2016;21:1084-91.

35. Xu R, Hu J. The role of JNK in prostate cancer progression and therapeutic strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2020;121:109679.

36. Bishop JL, Thaper D, Zoubeidi A. The multifaceted roles of STAT3 signaling in the progression of prostate cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2014;6:829-59.

37. Thompson IM Jr, Goodman PJ, Tangen CM, et al. Long-term survival of participants in the prostate cancer prevention trial. N Engl J Med 2013;369:603-10.

38. Dorai T, Cao YC, Dorai B, Buttyan R, Katz AE. Therapeutic potential of curcumin in human prostate cancer. III. Curcumin inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis, and inhibits angiogenesis of LNCaP prostate cancer cells in vivo. Prostate 2001;47:293-303.

39. Wang TT, Hudson TS, Wang TC, et al. Differential effects of resveratrol on androgen-responsive LNCaP human prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Carcinogenesis 2008;29:2001-10.

40. Wu Q, Kohli M, Bergen HR 3rd, et al. Preclinical evaluation of the supercritical extract of azadirachta indica (neem) leaves in vitro and in vivo on inhibition of prostate cancer tumor growth. Mol Cancer Ther 2014;13:1067-77.