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Figure 1. Schema depicts how diets, like the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), as part of a healthy lifestyle can contribute sustainably and positively to the health of humans, the chemoprevention of cancer, inhibition of tumor progression and metastasis, and for the treatment of cancers. Concomitantly the therapeutic components in the MedDiet can also chemoprotect normal tissues and organs. All these effects are mediated by the isothiocyanates (ITCs), other phytochemicals, and oils present in this diet. ITCs have also shown potentiation of other chemotherapeutic agents, thus expanding their versatility. Maintaining good physical activity running in parallel with a chemoprotective diet can also play a significant role in ameliorating the adverse effects of T2D, obesity and cardiac disease which can exacerbate the deleterious effects of cancer