REFERENCES

1. Minn AJ, Gupta GP, Siegel PM, Bos PD, Shu W, et al. Genes that mediate breast cancer metastasis to the brain. Nature 2009;436:518-24.

2. Weigelt B, Peterse JL, van ’t Veer LJ. Breast cancer metastasis: markers and models. Nat Rev Cancer 2005;5:591-602.

3. Peinado H, Zhang H, Matei IR, Costa-Silva B, Hoshino A, et al. Pre-metastatic niches: Organ-specific homes for metastases. Nat Rev Cancer 2017;17:302-17.

4. Real PJ, Sierra A, De Juan A, Segovia JC, Lopez-Vega JM, et al. Resistance to chemotherapy via Stat3-dependent overexpression of Bcl-2 in metastatic breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2002;21:7611-8.

5. Daniell MD, Hill JS. A history of photodynamic therapy. Aust N Z J Surg 1991;61:340-8.

6. Ackroyd R, Kelty C, Brown N, Reed M. The history of photodetection and photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol 2001;74:656-69.

7. Kou J, Dou D, Yang L. Porphyrin photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy and its applications. Oncotarget 2017;8:81591-603.

8. Rizvi I, Celli JP, Evans CL, Abu-Yousif AO, Muzikansky A, et al. Synergistic enhancement of carboplatin efficacy with photodynamic therapy in a three-dimensional model for micrometastatic ovarian cancer. Cancer Res 2010;70:9319-28.

9. Ahn TG, Lee BR, Choi EY, Kim DW, Han SJ. Photodynamic therapy for breast cancer in a BALB/c mouse model. J Gynecol Oncol 2012;23:115-9.

10. Montazerabadi AR, Sazgarnia A, Bahreyni-Toosi MH, Ahmadi A, Shakeri-Zadeh A, et al. Mitoxantrone as a prospective photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of breast cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2012;9:46-51.

11. Agostinis P, Buytaert E, Breyssens H, Hendrickx N. Regulatory pathways in photodynamic therapy induced apoptosis. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2004;3:721-9.

12. Casas A, Di Venosa G, Hasan T, Al Batlle. Mechanisms of resistance to photodynamic therapy. Curr Med Chem 2011;18:2486-515.

13. Klotz LO, Kröncke KD, Sies H. Singlet oxygen-induced signaling effects in mammalian cells. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2003;2:88-94.

14. Oleinick NL, Morris RL, Nieminen A. Photodynamic Therapy-Induced Apoptosis. Apoptosis, Senescence, and Cancer 2007:557-78.

15. Bacellar IOL, Tsubone TM, Pavani C, Baptista MS. Photodynamic efficiency: from molecular photochemistry to cell death. Int J Mol Sci 2015;16:20523-59.

16. Jensen TJ, Vicente MGH, Luguya R, Norton J, Fronczek FR, et al. Effect of overall charge and charge distribution on cellular uptake, distribution and phototoxicity of cationic porphyrins in HEp2 cells. J Photochem Photobiol B Biol 2010;100:100-11.

17. Pavani C, Iamamoto Y, Baptista MS. Mechanism and efficiency of cell death of type II photosensitizers: effect of zinc chelation. Photochem Photobiol 2012;88:774-81.

18. Bacellar IOL, Oliveira MC, Dantas LS, Costa EB, Junqueira HC, et al. Photosensitized membrane permeabilization requires contact-dependent reactions between photosensitizer and lipids. J Am Chem Soc 2018;140:9606-15.

19. Mang TS, Allison R, Hewson G, Snider W, Moskowitz R. A phase II/III clinical study of tin ethyl etiopurpurin (Purlytin)-induced photodynamic therapy for the treatment of recurrent cutaneous metastatic breast cancer. Cancer J Sci Am 1998;4:378-84.

20. Anand S, Ortel BJ, Pereira SP, Hasan T, Maytin EV. Biomodulatory approaches to photodynamic therapy for solid tumors. Cancer Lett 2012;326:8-16.

21. Banerjee SM, MacRobert AJ, Mosse CA, Periera B, Bown SG, et al. Photodynamic therapy: inception to application in breast cancer. Breast 2017;31:105-13.

22. Lamberti MJ, Vittar NBR, Rivarola VA. Breast cancer as photodynamic therapy target: Enhanced therapeutic efficiency by overview of tumor complexity. World J Clin Oncol 2014;5:901.

23. Kwiatkowski S, Knap B, Przystupski D, Saczko J, Kędzierska E, et al. Photodynamic therapy - mechanisms, photosensitizers and combinations. Biomed Pharmacother 2018;106:1098-107.

24. Abo-Zeid MAM, Abo-Elfadl MT, Mostafa SM. Photodynamic therapy using 5-aminolevulinic acid triggered DNA damage of adenocarcinoma breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018;21:351-6.

25. Tardivo JP, Del Giglio A, de Oliveira CS, Gabrielli DS, Junqueira HC, et al. Methylene blue in photodynamic therapy: From basic mechanisms to clinical applications. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2005;2:175-91.

26. Dos Santos AF, Terra LF, Wailemann RAM, Oliveira TC, Gomes VDM, et al. Methylene blue photodynamic therapy induces selective and massive cell death in human breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2017;17:194.

27. Delaey E, van Laar F, De Vos D, Kamuhabwa A, Jacobs P, et al. A comparative study of the photosensitizing characteristics of some cyanine dyes. J Photochem Photobiol B 2000;55:27-36.

28. Garg AD, Krysko D V, Vandenabeele P, Agostinis P. Hypericin-based photodynamic therapy induces surface exposure of damage-associated molecular patterns like HSP70 and calreticulin. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012;61:215-21.

29. Panzarini E, Inguscio V, Fimia GM, Dini L. Rose Bengal acetate photodynamic therapy (RBAc-PDT) induces exposure and release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in human HeLa cells. PLoS One 2014;9:e105778.

30. Agostinis P, Berg K, Cengel KA, Foster TH, Girotti AW, et al. Photodynamic therapy of cancer: an update. CA Cancer J Clin 2011;61:250-81.

31. Cramers P, Ruevekamp M, Oppelaar H, Dalesio O, Baas P, et al. Foscan uptake and tissue distribution in relation to photodynamic efficacy. Br J Cancer 2003;88:283-90.

32. Zheng X, Morgan J, Pandey SK, Chen Y, Tracy E, et al. Conjugation of 2-(1’-hexyloxyethyl)-2-devinylpyropheophorbide-a (HPPH) to carbohydrates changes its subcellular distribution and enhances photodynamic activity in vivo. J Med Chem 2009;52:4306-18.

33. Pogue BW, Ortel B, Chen N, Redmond RW, Hasan T. A photobiological and photophysical-based study of phototoxicity of two chlorins. Cancer Res 2001;61:717-24.

34. Chen Z, Woodburn KW, Shi C, Adelman DC, Rogers C, et al. Photodynamic therapy with motexafin lutetium induces redox-sensitive apoptosis of vascular cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001;21:759-64.

35. Spring BQ, Rizvi I, Xu N, Hasan T. The role of photodynamic therapy in overcoming cancer drug resistance. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015;14:1476-91.

36. Josefsen LB, Boyle RW. Unique diagnostic and therapeutic roles of porphyrins and phthalocyanines in photodynamic therapy, imaging and theranostics. Theranostics 2012;2:916-66.

37. Sandland J, Malatesti N, Boyle R. Porphyrins and related macrocycles: combining photosensitization with radio- or optical-imaging for next generation theranostic agents. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018;23:281-94.

38. Tsubone TM, Martins WK, Pavani C, Junqueira HC, Itri R, et al. Enhanced efficiency of cell death by lysosome-specific photodamage. Sci Rep 2017;7:6734.

39. Galluzzi L, Vitale I, Aaronson SA, Abrams JM, Adam D, et al. Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the nomenclature committee on cell death 2018. Cell Death Differ 2018;25:486-541.

40. van Straten D, Mashayekhi V, de Bruijn HS, Oliveira S, Robinson DJ. Oncologic photodynamic therapy: basic principles, current clinical status and future directions. Cancers (Basel) 2017;9:1-54.

41. Kessel D. Death pathways associated with photodynamic therapy. Med Laser Appl 2006;21:219-24.

42. Kerr JF, Wyllie AH, Currie AR. Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics. Br J Cancer 1972;26:239-57.

43. Tait SWG, Green DR. Mitochondria and cell death: outer membrane permeabilization and beyond. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2010;11:621-32.

44. Jost PJ, Grabow S, Gray D, McKenzie MD, Nachbur U, et al. XIAP discriminates between type i and type II FAS-induced apoptosis. Nature 2009;460:1035-9.

45. Shamas-Din A, Kale J, Leber B, Andrews DW. Mechanisms of action of Bcl-2 family proteins. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2013;5:a008714.

46. Moldoveanu T, Follis AV, Kriwacki RW, Green DR. Many players in BCL-2 family affairs. Trends Biochem Sci 2014;39:101-11.

47. Galluzzi L, Kepp O, Kroemer G. Mitochondrial regulation of cell death: a phylogenetically conserved control. Microb Cell 2016;3:101-8.

48. Huang K, Zhang J, O’Neill KL, Gurumurthy CB, Quadros RM, et al. Cleavage by caspase 8 and mitochondrial membrane association activate the BH3-only protein bid during TRAIL-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2016;291:11843-51.

49. Vandenabeele P, Galluzzi L, Vanden Berghe T, Kroemer G. Molecular mechanisms of necroptosis: an ordered cellular explosion. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2010;11:700-14.

50. Boya P, Kroemer G. Lysosomal membrane permeabilization in cell death. Oncogene 2008;27:6434-51.

51. Wang F, Gómez-Sintes R, Boya P. Lysosomal membrane permeabilization and cell death. Traffic 2018;19:918-31.

52. Oliveira CS, Turchiello R, Kowaltowski AJ, Indig GL, Baptista MS. Major determinants of photoinduced cell death: subcellular localization versus photosensitization efficiency. Free Radic Biol Med 2011;51:824-33.

53. Kessel D, Reiners JJ. Promotion of proapoptotic signals by lysosomal photodamage. Photochem Photobiol 2016;91:931-6.

54. Feng X, Shi Y, Xie L, Zhang K, Wang X, et al. Synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of a porphyrin-based photosensitizer and its isomer for effective photodynamic therapy against breast cancer. J Med Chem 2018;61:7189-201.

55. Abrahamse H, Hamblin MR. New photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. Biochem J 2016;473:347-64.

56. Kushibiki T, Hirasawa T, Okawa S, Ishihara M. Responses of cancer cells induced by photodynamic therapy. J Healthc Eng 2013;4:87-108.

57. Reiners JJ, Agostinis P, Berg K, Oleinick NL, Kessel D. Assessing autophagy in the context of photodynamic therapy. Autophagy 2010;6:7-18.

58. Galluzzi L, Bravo-San Pedro JM, Kroemer G. Organelle-specific initiation of cell death. Nat Cell Biol 2014;16:728-36.

59. Coupienne I, Fettweis G, Rubio N, Agostinis P, Piette J. 5-ALA-PDT induces RIP3-dependent necrosis in glioblastoma. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2011;10:1868-78.

60. Mrschtik M, Ryan KM. Lysosomal proteins in cell death and autophagy. FEBS J 2015;282:1858-70.

61. Zou J, Kawai T, Tsuchida T, Kozaki T, Tanaka H, et al. Poly IC triggers a cathepsin D- and IPS-1-dependent pathway to enhance cytokine production and mediate dendritic cell necroptosis. Immunity 2013;38:717-28.

62. Dixon SJ, Lemberg KM, Lamprecht MR, Skouta R, Zaitsev EM, et al. Ferroptosis : an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death. Cell 2012;149:1060-72.

63. Garg AD, Agostinis P. ER stress, autophagy and immunogenic cell death in photodynamic therapy-induced anti-cancer immune responses. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2014;13:474-87.

64. Acedo P, Stockert JC, Cañete M, Villanueva A. Two combined photosensitizers: a goal for more effective photodynamic therapy of cancer. Cell Death Dis 2014;5:e1122.

65. Tanaka M, Kataoka H, Yano S, Sawada T, Akashi H, et al. Immunogenic cell death due to a new photodynamic therapy (PDT) with glycoconjugated chlorin (G-chlorin). Oncotarget 2016;7:47242-51.

66. Pizova K, Tomankova K, Daskova A, Binder S, Bajgar R, et al. Photodynamic therapy for enhancing antitumour immunity. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2012;156:93-102.

67. Showalter A, Limaye A, Oyer JL, Igarashi R, Kittipatarin C, et al. Cytokines in immunogenic cell death: applications for cancer immunotherapy. Cytokine 2017;97:123-32.

68. Zitvogel L, Galluzzi L, Smyth MJ, Kroemer G. Mechanism of action of conventional and targeted anticancer therapies: reinstating immunosurveillance. Immunity 2013;39:74-88.

69. Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 2011;144:646-74.

70. Garg AD, Maes H, Romano E, Agostinis P. Autophagy, a major adaptation pathway shaping cancer cell death and anticancer immunity responses following photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015;14:1410-24.

71. Krysko D V, Garg AD, Kaczmarek A, Krysko O, Agostinis P, et al. Immunogenic cell death and DAMPs in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2012;12:860-75.

72. Inoue H, Tani K. Multimodal immunogenic cancer cell death as a consequence of anticancer cytotoxic treatments. Cell Death Differ 2014;21:39-49.

73. Garg AD, Maes H, van Vliet AR, Agostinis P. Targeting the hallmarks of cancer with therapy-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Mol Cell Oncol 2015;2:e975089.

74. Garg AD, Dudek AM, Agostinis P. Cancer immunogenicity, danger signals, and DAMPs: what, when, and how? Biofactors 2013;39:355-67.

75. Garg AD, Dudek AM, Ferreira GB, Verfaillie T, Vandenabeele P, et al. ROS-induced autophagy in cancer cells assists in evasion from determinants of immunogenic cell death. Autophagy 2013;9:1292-307.

76. Shams M, Owczarczak B, Manderscheid-Kern P, Bellnier DA, Gollnick SO. Development of photodynamic therapy regimens that control primary tumor growth and inhibit secondary disease. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015;64:287-97.

77. Henderson BW, Gollnick SO, Snyder JW, Busch TM, Kousis PC, et al. Choice of oxygen-conserving treatment regimen determines the inflammatory response and outcome of photodynamic therapy of tumors. Cancer Res 2004;64:2120-6.

78. Gollnick SO, Vaughan L, Henderson BW. Generation of effective antitumor vaccines using photodynamic therapy. Cancer Res 2002;62:1604-8.

79. Garg AD, Elsen S, Krysko DV, Vandenabeele P, de Witte P, et al. Resistance to anticancer vaccination effect is controlled by a cancer cell-autonomous phenotype that disrupts immunogenic phagocytic removal. Oncotarget 2015;6:26841-60.

80. D’Cruz AK, Robinson MH, Biel MA. mTHPC-mediated photodynamic therapy in patients with advanced, incurable head and neck cancer: a multicenter study of 128 patients. Head Neck 2004;26:232-40.

81. Hopper C, Niziol C, Sidhu M. The cost-effectiveness of Foscan mediated photodynamic therapy (Foscan-PDT) compared with extensive palliative surgery and palliative chemotherapy for patients with advanced head and neck cancer in the UK. Oral Oncol 2004;40:372-82.

82. Huang Z, Xu H, Meyers AD, Musani AI, Wang L, et al. Photodynamic therapy for treatment of solid tumors--potential and technical challenges. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2008;7:309-20.

83. Egeblad M, Nakasone ES, Werb Z. Tumors as organs: complex tissues that interface with the entire organism. Dev Cell 2010;18:884-901.

84. Pogue BW, Elliott JT, Kanick SC, Davis SC, Samkoe KS, et al. Revisiting photodynamic therapy dosimetry: reductionist & surrogate approaches to facilitate clinical success. Phys Med Biol 2016;61:R57-89.

85. Mallidi S, Anbil S, Bulin AL, Obaid G, Ichikawa M, et al. Beyond the barriers of light penetration: strategies, perspectives and possibilities for photodynamic therapy. Theranostics 2016;6:2458-87.

86. Schweitzer C, Schmidt R. Physical mechanisms of generation and deactivation of singlet oxygen. Chem Rev 2003;103:1685-757.

87. Lovell JF, Liu TWB, Chen J, Zheng G. Activatable photosensitizers for imaging and therapy. Chem Rev 2010;110:2839-57.

88. Dang J, He H, Chen D, Yin L. Manipulating tumor hypoxia toward enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT). Biomater Sci 2017;5:1500-11.

89. Sitnik TM, Hampton JA, Henderson BW. Reduction of tumour oxygenation during and after photodynamic therapy in vivo: effects of fluence rate. Br J Cancer 1998;77:1386-94.

90. Penjweini R, Kim MM, Finlay JC, Zhu TC. Investigating the impact of oxygen concentration and blood flow variation on photodynamic therapy. Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng 2016;9694:1-13.

91. Turan IS, Yildiz D, Turksoy A, Gunaydin G, Akkaya EU. A bifunctional photosensitizer for enhanced fractional photodynamic therapy: singlet oxygen generation in the presence and absence of light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016;55:2875-8.

92. Protti S, Albini A, Viswanathan R, Greer A. Targeting photochemical scalpels or lancets in the photodynamic therapy field-the Photochemist’s role. Photochem Photobiol 2017;93:1139-53.

93. Stringasci MD, Fortunato TC, Moriyama LT, Filho JDV, Bagnato VS, et al. Interstitial PDT using diffuser fiber-investigation in phantom and in vivo models. Lasers Med Sci 2017;32:1009-16.

94. Kessel D, Reiners JJ. Enhanced efficacy of photodynamic therapy via a sequential targeting protocol. Photochem Photobiol 2014;90:889-95.

95. Cincotta L, Szeto D, Lampros E, Hasan T, Cincotta AH. Benzophenothiazine and benzoporphyrin derivative combination phototherapy effectively eradicates large murine sarcomas. Photochem Photobiol 1996;63:229-37.

96. Ang JM, Bin Riaz I, Kamal MU, Paragh G, Zeitouni NC. Photodynamic therapy and pain: a systematic review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017;19:308-44.

97. Tardivo JP, Adami F, Correa JA, Pinhal MAS, Baptista MS. A clinical trial testing the efficacy of PDT in preventing amputation in diabetic patients. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2014;11:342-50.

98. Zhu S, Zhang Q, Sun X, Zeh HJ, Lotze MT, et al. HSPA5 regulates ferroptotic cell death in cancer cells. Cancer Res 2017;77:2064-77.

99. Eckhardt BL, Francis PA, Parker BS, Anderson RL. Strategies for the discovery and development of therapies for metastatic breast cancer. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2012;11:479-97.

100. Khan SA, Dougherty TJ, Mang TS. An evaluation of photodynamic therapy in the management of cutaneous metastases of breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 1993;29A:1686-90.

101. Montazerabadi AR, Sazgarnia A, Bahreyni-toosi MH, Ahmadi A, Aledavood A. The effects of combined treatment with ionizing radiation and indocyanine green-mediated photodynamic therapy on breast cancer cells. J Photochem Photobiol B Biol 2012;109:42-9.

102. Lo VCK, Akens MK, Moore S, Yee AJM, Wilson BC, et al. Beyond radiation therapy: photodynamic therapy maintains structural integrity of irradiated healthy and metastatically involved vertebrae in a pre-clinical in vivo model. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012;135:391-401.

103. Lo VCK, Akens MK, Wise-Milestone L, Yee AJM, Wilson BC, et al. The benefits of photodynamic therapy on vertebral bone are maintained and enhanced by combination treatment with bisphosphonates and radiation therapy. J Orthop Res 2013;31:1398-405.

104. Crescenzi E, Varriale L, Iovino M, Chiaviello A, Veneziani BM, et al. Photodynamic therapy with indocyanine green complements and enhances low-dose cisplatin cytotoxicity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2004;3:537-44.

105. Zimmermann A, Walt H, Haller U, Baas P, Klein SD. Effects of chlorin-mediated photodynamic therapy combined with fluoropyrimidines in vitro and in a patient. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2003;51:147-54.

106. Aniogo EC, George BPA, Abrahamse H. In vitro combined effect of Doxorubicin and sulfonated zinc Phthalocyanine-mediated photodynamic therapy on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2017;39:1010428317727278.

107. Tong Z, Miao P, Liu T, Jia Y, Liu X. Enhanced antitumor effects of BPD-MA-mediated photodynamic therapy combined with adriamycin on breast cancer in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2012;33:1319-24.

108. Tsuchihashi T, Mori K, Ueyama K, Yoneya S. Five-year results of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for Japanese patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Clin Ophthalmol 2013;7:615-20.

109. Pece A, Milani P, Isola V, Pierro L. A long-term study of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for choroidal neovascularization at the edge of chorioretinal atrophy in pathologic myopia. Ophthalmologica 2011;225:161-8.

110. Dougherty TJ, Gomer CJ, Henderson BW, Jori G, Kessel D, et al. Photodynamic therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998;90:889-905.

111. Allison RR, Sibata CH. Oncologic photodynamic therapy photosensitizers: a clinical review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2010;7:61-75.

112. Breskey JD, Lacey SE, Vesper BJ, Paradise WA, Radosevich JA, et al. Photodynamic therapy: occupational hazards and preventative recommendations for clinical administration by healthcare providers. Photomed Laser Surg 2013;31:398-407.

113. Schweitzer VG. PHOTOFRIN-mediated photodynamic therapy for treatment of early stage oral cavity and laryngeal malignancies. Lasers Surg Med 2001;29:305-13.

114. Stoodley M, Sikorski JM. Objective and useful mobility assessment of patients with arthropathy of the hip and knee. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1987;1:110-6.

115. Lou PJ, Jäger HR, Jones L, Theodossy T, Bown SG, et al. Interstitial photodynamic therapy as salvage treatment for recurrent head and neck cancer. Br J Cancer 2004;91:441-6.

116. Story W, Sultan AA, Bottini G, Vaz F, Lee G, et al. Strategies of airway management for head and neck photo-dynamic therapy. Lasers Surg Med 2013;45:370-6.

117. Bown SG, Rogowska AZ, Whitelaw DE, Lees WR, Lovat LB, et al. Photodynamic therapy for cancer of the pancreas. Gut 2002;50:549-57.

118. Pereira SP, Ayaru L, Rogowska A, Mosse A, Hatfield ARW, et al. Photodynamic therapy of malignant biliary strictures using meso-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007;19:479-85.

119. Wyss P, Schwarz V, Dobler-Girdziunaite D, Hornung R, Walt H, et al. Photodynamic therapy of locoregional breast cancer recurrences using a chlorin-type photosensitizer. Int J cancer 2001;93:720-4.

120. Moore CM, Nathan TR, Lees WR, Mosse CA, Freeman A, et al. Photodynamic therapy using meso tetra hydroxy phenyl chlorin (mTHPC) in early prostate cancer. Lasers Surg Med 2006;38:356-63.

121. Nathan TR, Whitelaw DE, Chang SC, Lees WR, Ripley PM, et al. Photodynamic therapy for prostate cancer recurrence after radiotherapy: a phase I study. J Urol 2002;168:1427-32.

122. Baskaran R, Lee J, Yang SG. Clinical development of photodynamic agents and therapeutic applications. Biomater Res 2018;22:25.

123. Cuenca RE, Allison RR, Sibata C, Downie GH. Breast cancer with chest wall progression: treatment with photodynamic therapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2004;11:322-7.

124. Taber SW, Fingar VH, Coots CaT, Wieman TJ. Photodynamic therapy using mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6 (Npe6) for the treatment of cutaneous disease: a phase I clinical study. Clin Cancer Res 1998;4:2741-6.

125. Li X, Ferrel GL, Guerra MC, Hode T, Lunn JA, et al. Preliminary safety and efficacy results of laser immunotherapy for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer patients. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2011;10:817-21.

126. Mfouo-Tynga I, Houreld NN, Abrahamse H. Evaluation of cell damage induced by irradiated Zinc-Phthalocyanine-gold dendrimeric nanoparticles in a breast cancer cell line. Biomed J 2018;41:254-64.

127. Yang Y, Yang X, Li H, Li C, Ding H, et al. Near-infrared light triggered liposomes combining photodynamic and chemotherapy for synergistic breast tumor therapy. Colloids Surfaces B Biointerfaces 2019;173:564-70.

128. Xu W, Qian J, Hou G, Wang Y, Wang J, et al. A dual-targeted hyaluronic acid-gold nanorod platform with triple-stimuli responsiveness for photodynamic/photothermal therapy of breast cancer. Acta Biomater 2018;83:400-13.

129. Damke GMZF, Souza RP, Montanha MC, Damke E, Gonçalves RS, et al. Selective photodynamic effects on breast cancer cells provided by P123 Pluronic®-based nanoparticles modulating hypericin delivery. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2018; doi: 10.2174/1871520618666181102091010.

130. Hodgkinson N, Kruger CA, Abrahamse H. Targeted photodynamic therapy as potential treatment modality for the eradication of colon cancer and colon cancer stem cells. Tumour Biol 2017;39:1010428317734691.

131. Theodossiou TA, Gonçalves AR, Yannakopoulou K, Skarpen E, Berg K. Photochemical internalization of tamoxifens transported by a “Trojan-horse” nanoconjugate into breast-cancer cell lines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015;54:4885-9.

132. Eng MS, Kaur J, Prasmickaite L, Engesæter BØ, Weyergang A, et al. Enhanced targeting of triple-negative breast carcinoma and malignant melanoma by photochemical internalization of CSPG4-targeting immunotoxins. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018;17:539-51.

133. Norum O, Kristian P, Weyergang A, Giercksky K, Berg K. Photochemical internalization (PCI ) in cancer therapy: from bench towards bedside medicine. J Photochem Photobiol B Biol 2009;96:83-92.

134. Olsen CE, Weyergang A, Edwards VT, Berg K, Brech A, et al. Development of resistance to photodynamic therapy (PDT) in human breast cancer cells is photosensitizer-dependent: possible mechanisms and approaches for overcoming PDT-resistance. Biochem Pharmacol 2017;144:63-77.

135. Broekgaarden M, Weijer R, van Gulik TM, Hamblin MR, Heger M. Tumor cell survival pathways activated by photodynamic therapy: a molecular basis for pharmacological inhibition strategies. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2015;34:643-90.

136. Sneider A, Jadia R, Piel B, VanDyke D, Tsiros C, et al. Engineering remotely triggered liposomes to target triple negative breast cancer. Oncomedicine 2017;2:1-13.

Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment
ISSN 2454-2857 (Online) 2394-4722 (Print)

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/