Recent advances in carbon-based microwave absorbing aerogel

Carbon-based microwave absorbing aerogel materials have emerged as a prominent research focus in recent years, due to three-dimensional interconnected conductive networks and various porous microstructure, which can optimize the impedance matching and dissipate the microwave by multiple loss effects. Guided by the research rationale of constructing carbon-based aerogels with diverse microstructures and corresponding unique electromagnetic response behaviors, this review systematically summarizes the recent advances in carbon-based microwave absorbing aerogels over the past five years, particularly emphasizing on rational design of carbon-based aerogel by different template methods, including the hard-template from natural biomass and polymer foams, soft-template like isotropic and directional freeze-drying, non-template technique like electrospinning or three-dimensional printing. By discussing the mechanisms and advantages of different synthesis strategies in-depth, the relationship between porous architecture and microwave response properties is revealed, along with providing valuable insights and outlook of the future carbon-based microwave absorbing aerogel with synergistic performance and large-scale production possibility.