fig4

Figure 4. Transformation of LMs in sensors’ fabrication and function. (A) Physical transformation: (i) and (ii) Sintering of LMs with different structures; (iii) Generating electrical signal changes using LMs transformation; (iv) Excellent resistance stability of LM materials during transformation; (v) Low resistance to charge transfer due to interface contact; (B) Chemical transformation: (i) Reaction of Ga with H₂O and photodeformation of LMNPs; (ii) Reaction of GaOOH with H₂O to prepare hydrogels; (iii) Reaction of Ga₂O₃ with HCl for chemical sintering; (iv) Ga₂O₃ reacts with H₂ for enhanced electrical conductivity; (v) Ga reacts with N₂ to give LMNPs photoluminescent properties; (vi) Ga reacts with RS-H to give LMNPs the ability to detect specific DNA. LM: Liquid metal; LMNPs: LM nanoparticles.