fig2

Figure 2. GOC models used to study gut interactions between the host, the microbiota, and orally administered probiotics in vitro, along with their advantages and limitations. (A) Commensal Intestine chip with peristaltism from Emulate Company^[50]; (B) The HuMix gut-on-chip model with three superposed culture microchambers and integrated sensors^[63]; (C) Mini gut fabricated by laser ablation of a 3D hydrogel^[52];(D) Commercial immunocompetent 2 channels gut-on-chip model^[70]. The above figure was modified from the Servier Medical Art (https://smart.servier.com/), licensed under CC BY 4.0. GOC: Gut-on-chip.