fig7

Figure 7. Rare-earth oxide-induced microstructural refinement and forming-quality improvement in laser-cladded coatings. (A-D) CeO₂-induced microstructural transformation and compositional characteristics: (A and C) coatings without CeO₂ modification and (B and D) coatings with CeO₂ modification. (A-D) are adapted from Ref.^[142]. Licensed under CC-BY 4.0; (E-J) Effect of Y₂O₃ content on coating morphology and bonding-zone microstructure: (E and F) Macroscopic morphologies of coatings with 0% and 3% Y₂O₃; (G and H) Cross-sectional morphologies of coatings with 0% and 3% Y₂O₃; (I and J) Bonding-zone microstructures of coatings with 2% and 3% Y₂O₃. (E-J) are adapted from Ref.^[143]. Licensed under CC-BY 4.0.