fig19

Figure 19. Enhancement of BDS and ESP in polycrystalline ceramics through grain orientation control in textured MLCCs. (A) Finite-element simulations of electric field-induced local displacements and elastic energy densities for <100>-, <110>-, and <111>-oriented perovskite layers in a single MLCC ceramic layer; (B) Cross-sectional SEM image of the textured MLCC; (C) XRD patterns of textured ceramics; (D) Grain orientation mapping of <111>-textured NBT-SBT MLCC obtained by SEM-EBSD analysis; (E) E-induced strain, (F) Weibull distribution of BDS, and (G) ESP as a function of electric field for <111>-textured versus nontextured 0.65BNT-0.35Sr_0.7Bi_0.2TiO₃ MLCC. This figure is quoted with permission from Li et al.^[152]. BDS: Dielectric breakdown strength; ESP: energy storage performance; MLCCs: multilayer ceramic capacitors; XRD: X-ray diffraction; SEM: scanning electron microscopy; EBSD: electron backscatter diffraction; BNT-SBT: (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃-(Sr_0.7Bi_0.2)TiO₃.