fig13

Figure 13. (A) Synthesis and (B) high-resolution HAADF-STEM image of the CoMn/NC catalyst; (C) intensity profiles obtained at sites 1 and 2 in (B); (D) optimized geometries of the CoN₃-MnN₃, MnN₃-MnN₃, and CoN₃-CoN₃ dual-atom catalyst models (A-D reproduced with permission from the American Chemical Society, copyright 2023)^[160]; (E) Synthesis and (F) aberration-corrected HAADF-STEM image of the FeAl-RNC catalyst; (G) intensity profile and corresponding colored raster graphic of the Fe-Al atomic pairs; (H) differential charge densities of FeN₄ and FeN₃-O-AlN₃ (top and side views); (I) schematic of the proposed ORR pathway of FeN₃-O-AlN₃ (E-I reproduced with permission from the American Chemical Society, copyright 2024)^[131]. HAADF-STEM: High-angle annular dark field-scanning transmission electron microscopy; ORR: oxygen reduction reaction.