fig7

Figure 7. (A) The preparation of CuZr-MOFs (Reproduced with permission ^[129]. Copyright 2025, Academic Press); (B) Fe-MOFs (Reproduced with permission^[130]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier) APT sensors; (C) The preparation of Zn-MOFs (Reproduced with permission^[134]. Copyright 2025, Elsevier), Ru-Eu-MOFs (D) Reproduced with permission^[135]. Copyright 2025, Elsevier) ECL sensors. MOF: metal organic framework; NP: nanoparticle; PVP: polyvinyl pyrrolidone; TCEP: tis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate; BSA: bovine serum albumin; TMB: 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyl benzidine; DMF: N, N-dimethylformamide; OP: organophosphorus pesticide; AchE: acetylcholinesterase; ARCl: acetylcholinesterase; EDC: 1-Ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide; ECL: electrochemiluminescence; NHS: N-hydroxy succinimide; PDDA: poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride); APT: aptamer based.