fig4
Figure 4. EM forces on atoms in the right half of the bi-crystal structure along the electron transport direction. The applied electric field is 6.8 V/cm. The three dashed circles marked the forces from different regions. The GB center is located at the two left-most data points since there are two atoms at the GB within one structural unit as shown in Figure 3. The figure was prepared using Gnuplot. EM: Electromigration; GB: grain boundary.
