fig4

Figure 4. Effect of intestinal RNAi of pmk-1, bar-1, and daf-16 on expressions of alh-3 and dhs-19 in 6-PPDQ-exposed nematodes. (A) Expressions of intestinal alh-3 and dhs-19 in 6-PPDQ-exposed nematodes with intestinal RNAi of pmk-1, bar-1, and daf-16. Thirty intact intestines were isolated for qRT-PCR analysis. Exposure concentration of 6-PPDQ was 10 μg/L. ^**P < 0.01 vs. VP303 (L4440); (B) Effect of 6-PPDQ exposure on intestinal expressions of pmk-1, bar-1, and daf-16. Thirty intact intestines were isolated for qRT-PCR analysis. Exposure concentration of 6-PPDQ was 10 μg/L. ^**P < 0.01 vs. control; (C) Effect of intestinal RNAi of pmk-1, bar-1, and daf-16 on retinoic acid content in 6-PPDQ-exposed nematodes. Exposure concentration of 6-PPDQ was 10 μg/L. ^**P < 0.01 vs. VP303(L4440); (D) Effect of intestinal RNAi of pmk-1, bar-1, and daf-16 on 6-PPDQ toxicity in causing ROS generation. Exposure concentration of 6-PPDQ was 10 μg/L.^**P < 0.01; (E) Effect of intestinal RNAi of pmk-1, bar-1, and daf-16 on 6-PPDQ toxicity in decreasing brood sizes. Exposure concentration of 6-PPDQ was 10 μg/L.^**P < 0.01. RNA interference; 6-PPDQ: N’-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N’-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine quinone; qRT-PCR: quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.