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Figure 2. Alterations in non-classical communication pathways. Extracellular vesicles released from young plasma, young serum, adipose-derived stem cells, and cardiosphere-derived cells are shown to deliver miRNAs and proteins to recipient cardiomyocytes. Such vesicle-mediated transfer is associated with reduced cellular senescence and improved mitochondrial function and metabolic capacity. In parallel, metabolite signaling is represented by alpha-linolenic acid, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and taurine, which are associated with reduced inflammatory and oxidative stress signaling, reduced extracellular matrix remodeling markers, and maintenance of cardiometabolic homeostasis. Created by figdraw.com. (Copyright Code: UYISR4d900). ECM: Extracellular matrix; sEVs: small extracellular vesicles.