fig1

Figure 1. Principal pathways regulating mitophagy. Mitophagy proceeds mainly via the canonical PINK1/Parkin-dependent pathway (A), typically triggered by mitochondrial depolarization and leading to ubiquitin-mediated recruitment of autophagosomes, and receptor-mediated pathways that dock LC3 through LIR motifs to eliminate damaged mitochondria (B). PINK1: PTEN-induced putative kinase protein-1; Ub: ubiquitin; P: phosphorylation; OMM: outer mitochondrial membrane; LC3: microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B; P62: Sequestosome-1; NBR1: Neighbor of BRCA1 gene 1 protein; OPTN: optineurin; NDP52: nuclear dot protein 52; FUNDC1: FUN14 domain-containing 1; FKBP8: FK506-binding protein 8; BNIP3: B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) interacting protein 3; NIX: BNIP3L/NIP3-like protein X; BCL2L13: BCL2-like 13.