fig1
Figure 1. Key signaling pathways modulated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) in post-myocardial infarction repair. TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IL-6: interleukin-6; NF-κB: nuclear factor-κB; TGF-β: transforming growth factor-β; ECM: excessive extracellular matrix; ROS: reactive oxygen species; GPX4: glutathione peroxidase 4; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma-2.
