fig5

Figure 5. (A) Schematic illustration of the bioinspired design of TpPa-R COF membranes for mimicking pH-gated biological ion channels. (B) Membrane potential responses of TpPa-R and TpPa membranes under asymmetric pH conditions, with one side switched between pH 3 and pH 11.5 while the other remained at pH 7. COF: Covalent organic framework.