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From: Highly aligned bacterial cellulose/PPy gradient conductive membranes for directed cell differentiation under electrical stimulation

Highly aligned bacterial cellulose/PPy gradient conductive membranes for directed cell differentiation under electrical stimulation

Figure 4. Characterizations of BC/PPy conductive gradient membranes. ATR-FTIR (A) and XPS (B) spectra of BC and stretched BC/PPy conductive gradient membranes; (C) The log (R) values of non-stretched and stretched BC/PPy conductive gradient membranes. (D-F) Stress-strain, Young’s modulus and tensile strength curves of BC, non-stretched BC/PPy,stretched BC, and stretched BC/PPy conductive gradient membranes. n = 3, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Error bars represent SD. BC: Bacterial cellulose; PPy: polypyrrole; ATR: attenuated total reflectance; FTIR: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy; XPS: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; SD: standard deviation.