fig1

Figure 1. Hydrogel ionic diode as soft iontronics devices for human-computer communication. (A) Soft iontronics devices possess excellent biocompatibility and tunable electrical properties, enabling ion-electron conversion for signal transmission and information processing, serving as an ideal bridge for human-machine communication; (B) Hydrogel ionic diodes, as fundamental logic units of soft iontronics devices, integrate functionalities such as ion rectification, ion selectivity, and ion gating, and can be classified into unipolar and bipolar types based on structural differences. EDL: Electric double layer;