fig2

From: Layered double hydroxide-based single-atom catalysts: precise catalyst design on a two-dimensional ‘atomic canvas’

Figure 2. Techniques for ‘painting’ single atoms on the LDH canvas. The synthesis strategies illustrated are (A) coprecipitation. Reprinted with permission from Ref.^[39]. Copyright 2020, Wiley-VCH; (B) hydrothermal. Reprinted with permission from Ref.^[40]. Copyright 2020, Wiley-VCH; (C) electrodeposition. Reprinted with permission from Ref.^[42]. Copyright 2021, Springer Nature; (D) cation exchange. Reprinted with permission from Ref.^[45]. Copyright 2020, Wiley-VCH; (E) anion Exchange-electroreduction. Reprinted with permission from Ref.^[48]. Copyright 2021, The Royal Society of Chemistry (F) loading-reduction. Reprinted with permission from Ref.^[56]. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH. LDH: Layered double hydroxide.