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Figure 2. Network pharmacological mechanism study of RS-EVLP for hyperpigmentation. (A and B) Venn diagram of active ingredient targets and genes involved in hyperpigmentation, as well as intersections; (C) Protein-protein interaction network of core targets; (D) Network pharmacology map showing the intersection of RS-EVLP ingredient targets and pigmentation disease targets; (E) KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrating the key signaling pathways; (F) GO function enrichment analysis. GO: Gene Ontology; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; RS-EVLP: rose-derived extracellular vesicle-like particles.