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Figure 7. RBCEV-mediated delivery of siRCN1 demonstrates safety in AML treatment. (A) Kidney function markers (creatinine and urea) and muscle damage marker (CK) in mice treated with siNC- or siRCN1-loaded RBCEVs (n = 6); (B) Hepatotoxicity markers (total bilirubin, ALT, AST, and ALP) following treatment with siRNA-loaded RBCEVs; (C-F) Histological examination of H&E-stained heart (C), liver (D), spleen (E), and kidney (F) from tumor-free mice and siRNA-loaded RBCEV-treated mice. Scale bars represent 100 μm. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Statistical significance was assessed using a two-tailed unpaired t-test. ns, not significant. ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AML: acute myeloid leukemia; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; CK: creatine kinase; H&E: hematoxylin and eosin; RBCEV: red blood cell extracellular vesicle; RBCEVs: red blood cell extracellular vesicles; RCN1: reticulocalbin 1; siNC: small interfering negative control; siRNA: small interfering RNA; siRCN1: small interfering RNA targeting RCN1.