REFERENCES

1. Kalluri R, LeBleu VS. The biology, function, and biomedical applications of exosomes. Science. 2020;367:eaau6977.

2. Welsh JA, Goberdhan DCI, O’Driscoll L, et al. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): from basic to advanced approaches. J Extracell Vesicles. 2024;13:e12404.

3. Harding C, Heuser J, Stahl P. Receptor-mediated endocytosis of transferrin and recycling of the transferrin receptor in rat reticulocytes. J Cell Biol. 1983;97:329-39.

4. Pan BT, Johnstone RM. Fate of the transferrin receptor during maturation of sheep reticulocytes in vitro: selective externalization of the receptor. Cell. 1983;33:967-78.

5. Johnstone RM, Adam M, Hammond JR, Orr L, Turbide C. Vesicle formation during reticulocyte maturation. Association of plasma membrane activities with released vesicles (exosomes). J Biol Chem. 1987;262:9412-20.

6. Zhao B, Lin H, Jiang X, et al. Exosome-like nanoparticles derived from fruits, vegetables, and herbs: innovative strategies of therapeutic and drug delivery. Theranostics. 2024;14:4598-621.

7. Han Y, Guo X, Ji Z, et al. Colon health benefits of plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles via modulating gut microbiota and immunity. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2025;65:7718-38.

8. Zhang Y, Bi J, Huang J, Tang Y, Du S, Li P. Exosome: a review of its classification, isolation techniques, storage, diagnostic and targeted therapy applications. Int J Nanomedicine. 2020;15:6917-34.

9. Lei J, Jiang X, Li W, et al. Exosomes from antler stem cells alleviate mesenchymal stem cell senescence and osteoarthritis. Protein Cell. 2022;13:220-6.

10. Hu Y, Hou Z, Liu Z, et al. Oyster mantle-derived exosomes alleviate osteoporosis by regulating bone homeostasis. Biomaterials. 2024;311:122648.

11. Song Y, Feng N, Yu Q, et al. Exosomes in disease therapy: plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles current status, challenges, and future prospects. Int J Nanomedicine. 2025;20:10613-44.

12. Zhang GK, Zhou F. Exosomes-loaded with traditional Chinese medicine constituents: a novel therapeutic avenue for aplastic anemia. Chin Med. 2026;21:53.

13. Mecocci S, Trabalza-Marinucci M, Cappelli K. Extracellular vesicles from animal milk: great potentialities and critical issues. Animals. 2022;12:3231.

14. Li P, Ma L, Zhan W, et al. Exosome-like nanovesicles derived from the mucilage of Pinctada martensii exhibit antitumor activity against 143B osteosarcoma cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023;15:26227-40.

15. Wei XS, Liu LZ, Bian XL, et al. Protein composition of extracellular vesicles from skin secretions of the amphibian Bombina maxima. Zool Res. 2022;43:687-90.

16. Schuh CMAP, Aguayo S, Zavala G, Khoury M. Exosome-like vesicles in Apis mellifera bee pollen, honey and royal jelly contribute to their antibacterial and pro-regenerative activity. J Exp Biol. 2019;222:jeb208702.

17. Zhang F, Yue Y, Chen J, et al. Albumen exosomes alleviate LPS-induced inflammation of intestinal epithelial cells via miR-22/ATM/p53/NF-κB axis. Int J Biol Macromol. 2024;267:131241.

18. Jafari N, Afshar A, Zare A, et al. Proliferating and migrating effects of regenerating sea anemone Aulactinia stella cells-derived exosomes on human skin fibroblasts. Nat Prod Res. 2025;39:4916-23.

19. Liao Q, Su L, Pang L, et al. Natural exosome-like nanoparticles derived from ancient medicinal insect Periplaneta americana L. as a novel diabetic wound healing accelerator. J Nanobiotechnology. 2023;21:169.

20. Middleton RC, Rogers RG, De Couto G, et al. Newt cells secrete extracellular vesicles with therapeutic bioactivity in mammalian cardiomyocytes. J Extracell Vesicles. 2018;7:1456888.

21. Liu Y, Wang X, Chen Z, et al. Animal-derived vesicles: nanobridges linking the wisdom of natural evolution with precision medicine. SciErxiv 2026.

22. Huang C, Li J, Xie Z, Hu X, Huang Y. Relationship between exosomes and cancer: formation, diagnosis, and treatment. Int J Biol Sci. 2025;21:40-62.

23. Buschow SI, Nolte-’t Hoen EN, van Niel G, et al. MHC II in dendritic cells is targeted to lysosomes or T cell-induced exosomes via distinct multivesicular body pathways. Traffic. 2009;10:1528-42.

24. van Niel G, Wubbolts R, Stoorvogel W. Endosomal sorting of MHC class II determines antigen presentation by dendritic cells. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2008;20:437-44.

25. Raposo G, Stoorvogel W. Extracellular vesicles: exosomes, microvesicles, and friends. J Cell Biol. 2013;200:373-83.

26. Rana S, Zöller M. Exosome target cell selection and the importance of exosomal tetraspanins: a hypothesis. Biochem Soc Trans. 2011;39:559-62.

27. de Gassart A, Geminard C, Fevrier B, Raposo G, Vidal M. Lipid raft-associated protein sorting in exosomes. Blood. 2003;102:4336-44.

28. Sanwlani R, Fonseka P, Chitti SV, Mathivanan S. Milk-derived extracellular vesicles in inter-organism, cross-species communication and drug delivery. Proteomes. 2020;8:11.

29. Van Deun J, Mestdagh P, Sormunen R, et al. The impact of disparate isolation methods for extracellular vesicles on downstream RNA profiling. J Extracell Vesicles. 2014;3:24858.

30. Rider MA, Hurwitz SN, Meckes DG Jr. ExtraPEG: a polyethylene glycol-based method for enrichment of extracellular vesicles. Sci Rep. 2016;6:23978.

31. Tauro BJ, Greening DW, Mathias RA, Mathivanan S, Ji H, Simpson RJ. Two distinct populations of exosomes are released from LIM1863 colon carcinoma cell-derived organoids. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2013;12:587-98.

32. Zarovni N, Corrado A, Guazzi P, et al. Integrated isolation and quantitative analysis of exosome shuttled proteins and nucleic acids using immunocapture approaches. Methods. 2015;87:46-58.

33. Böing AN, van der Pol E, Grootemaat AE, Coumans FA, Sturk A, Nieuwland R. Single-step isolation of extracellular vesicles by size-exclusion chromatography. J Extracell Vesicles. 2014;3:23430.

34. Baranyai T, Herczeg K, Onódi Z, et al. Isolation of exosomes from blood plasma: qualitative and quantitative comparison of ultracentrifugation and size exclusion chromatography methods. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0145686.

35. Liangsupree T, Multia E, Riekkola ML. Modern isolation and separation techniques for extracellular vesicles. J Chromatogr A. 2021;1636:461773.

36. Cheruvanky A, Zhou H, Pisitkun T, et al. Rapid isolation of urinary exosomal biomarkers using a nanomembrane ultrafiltration concentrator. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2007;292:F1657-61.

37. Lobb RJ, Becker M, Wen SW, et al. Optimized exosome isolation protocol for cell culture supernatant and human plasma. J Extracell Vesicles. 2015;4:27031.

38. Busatto S, Vilanilam G, Ticer T, et al. Tangential flow filtration for highly efficient concentration of extracellular vesicles from large volumes of fluid. Cells. 2018;7:273.

39. Zhang H, Freitas D, Kim HS, et al. Identification of distinct nanoparticles and subsets of extracellular vesicles by asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation. Nat Cell Biol. 2018;20:332-43.

40. Kanwar SS, Dunlay CJ, Simeone DM, Nagrath S. Microfluidic device (ExoChip) for on-chip isolation, quantification and characterization of circulating exosomes. Lab Chip. 2014;14:1891-900.

41. Oksvold MP, Kullmann A, Forfang L, et al. Expression of B-cell surface antigens in subpopulations of exosomes released from B-cell lymphoma cells. Clin Ther. 2014;36:847-62.e1.

42. Valadi H, Ekström K, Bossios A, Sjöstrand M, Lee JJ, Lötvall JO. Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells. Nat Cell Biol. 2007;9:654-9.

43. Mateescu B, Kowal EJ, van Balkom BW, et al. Obstacles and opportunities in the functional analysis of extracellular vesicle RNA - an ISEV position paper. J Extracell Vesicles. 2017;6:1286095.

44. Xu H, Zhang J, Li M. Cargo-driven extracellular vesicles as pharmaceutical nanocarriers: a pharmaceutics-oriented comparison of animal exosomes and plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles. Int J Pharm X. 2026;11:100530.

45. EL Andaloussi S, Mäger I, Breakefield XO, Wood MJ. Extracellular vesicles: biology and emerging therapeutic opportunities. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2013;12:347-57.

46. Record M, Subra C, Silvente-Poirot S, Poirot M. Exosomes as intercellular signalosomes and pharmacological effectors. Biochem Pharmacol. 2011;81:1171-82.

47. Hade MD, Suire CN, Suo Z. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: applications in regenerative medicine. Cells. 2021;10:1959.

48. Sergazy S, Adekenov S, Khabarov I, Adekenova K, Maikenova A, Aljofan M. Harnessing mammalian- and plant-derived exosomes for drug delivery: a comparative review. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26:4857.

49. Wang Q, Ren Y, Mu J, et al. Grapefruit-derived nanovectors use an activated leukocyte trafficking pathway to deliver therapeutic agents to inflammatory tumor sites. Cancer Res. 2015;75:2520-9.

50. Skotland T, Sagini K, Sandvig K, Llorente A. An emerging focus on lipids in extracellular vesicles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2020;159:308-21.

51. Keerthikumar S, Chisanga D, Ariyaratne D, et al. ExoCarta: a web-based compendium of exosomal cargo. J Mol Biol. 2016;428:688-92.

52. Colombo M, Raposo G, Théry C. Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2014;30:255-89.

53. Ashburner M, Ball CA, Blake JA, et al. Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology. The Gene Ontology Consortium. Nat Genet. 2000;25:25-9.

54. Yang S, Xue B, Zhang Y, et al. Engineered extracellular vesicles from antler blastema progenitor cells: a therapeutic choice for spinal cord injury. ACS Nano. 2025;19:5995-6013.

55. Théry C, Boussac M, Véron P, et al. Proteomic analysis of dendritic cell-derived exosomes: a secreted subcellular compartment distinct from apoptotic vesicles. J Immunol. 2001;166:7309-18.

56. Simpson RJ, Lim JW, Moritz RL, Mathivanan S. Exosomes: proteomic insights and diagnostic potential. Expert Rev Proteomics. 2009;6:267-83.

57. Simoncelli F, Lucentini L, La Porta G, Belia S, Di Rosa I, Fagotti A. Small heat shock proteins in the amphibian Pelophylax bergeri: cloning and characterization of Hsp27 and Hsp30 cDNAs and their expression analysis in ex vivo skin exposed to abiotic stresses. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2019;235:90-101.

58. Williams C, Royo F, Aizpurua-Olaizola O, et al. Glycosylation of extracellular vesicles: current knowledge, tools and clinical perspectives. J Extracell Vesicles. 2018;7:1442985.

59. Liu H, Dong T, Dong C, et al. Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles: a novel therapeutic perspective for skin diseases. J Nanobiotechnology. 2025;23:640.

60. Zhang ZG, Buller B, Chopp M. Exosomes - beyond stem cells for restorative therapy in stroke and neurological injury. Nat Rev Neurol. 2019;15:193-203.

61. Yin K, Wang S, Zhao RC. Exosomes from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: a new therapeutic paradigm. Biomark Res. 2019;7:8.

62. Xie MY, Hou LJ, Sun JJ, et al. Porcine milk exosome MiRNAs attenuate LPS-induced apoptosis through inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB and p53 pathways in intestinal epithelial cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2019;67:9477-91.

63. Fratantonio D, Munir J, Shu J, et al. The RNA cargo in small extracellular vesicles from chicken eggs is bioactive in C57BL/6 J mice and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells ex vivo. Front Nutr. 2023;10:1162679.

64. Saadeldin IM, Tanga BM, Bang S, et al. Isolation, characterization, proteome, miRNAome, and the embryotrophic effects of chicken egg yolk nanovesicles (vitellovesicles). Sci Rep. 2023;13:4204.

65. Peng S, Shen L, Yu X, et al. miR-200a attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis through activation of Nrf2. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1196065.

66. Meng D, Li Y, Chen Z, Guo J, Yang M, Peng Y. Exosomes derived from antler mesenchymal stem cells promote wound healing by miR-21-5p/STAT3 axis. Int J Nanomedicine. 2024;19:11257-73.

67. Leiva-Sabadini C, Alvarez S, Barrera NP, Schuh CMAP, Aguayo S. Antibacterial effect of honey-derived exosomes containing antimicrobial peptides against oral Streptococci. Int J Nanomedicine. 2021;16:4891-900.

68. Jia X, Tang J, Yao C, Yang D. Recent progress of extracellular vesicle engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2021;7:4430-8.

69. Mohammadi AH, Ghazvinian Z, Bagheri F, Harada M, Baghaei K. Modification of extracellular vesicle surfaces: an approach for targeted drug delivery. BioDrugs. 2023;37:353-74.

70. Zhao S, Di Y, Fan H, et al. Targeted delivery of extracellular vesicles: the mechanisms, techniques and therapeutic applications. Mol Biomed. 2024;5:60.

71. Ahmed W, Mushtaq A, Ali S, Khan N, Liang Y, Duan L. Engineering approaches for exosome cargo loading and targeted delivery: biological versus chemical perspectives. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2024;10:5960-76.

72. Zeng H, Guo S, Ren X, Wu Z, Liu S, Yao X. Current strategies for exosome cargo loading and targeting delivery. Cells. 2023;12:1416.

73. Richter M, Vader P, Fuhrmann G. Approaches to surface engineering of extracellular vesicles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2021;173:416-26.

74. Munagala R, Aqil F, Jeyabalan J, Gupta RC. Bovine milk-derived exosomes for drug delivery. Cancer Lett. 2016;371:48-61.

75. Alsaweed M, Hartmann PE, Geddes DT, Kakulas F. MicroRNAs in breastmilk and the lactating breast: potential immunoprotectors and developmental regulators for the infant and the mother. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12:13981-4020.

76. Benmoussa A, Lee CH, Laffont B, et al. Commercial dairy cow milk microRNAs resist digestion under simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. J Nutr. 2016;146:2206-15.

77. Manca S, Upadhyaya B, Mutai E, et al. Milk exosomes are bioavailable and distinct microRNA cargos have unique tissue distribution patterns. Sci Rep. 2018;8:11321.

78. Wiklander OP, Nordin JZ, O’Loughlin A, et al. Extracellular vesicle in vivo biodistribution is determined by cell source, route of administration and targeting. J Extracell Vesicles. 2015;4:26316.

79. Imai T, Takahashi Y, Nishikawa M, et al. Macrophage-dependent clearance of systemically administered B16BL6-derived exosomes from the blood circulation in mice. J Extracell Vesicles. 2015;4:26238.

80. Phinney DG, Pittenger MF. Concise review: MSC-derived exosomes for cell-free therapy. Stem Cells. 2017;35:851-8.

81. Shen Z, Huang W, Liu J, Tian J, Wang S, Rui K. Effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on autoimmune diseases. Front Immunol. 2021;12:749192.

82. Kooijmans SA, Aleza CG, Roffler SR, van Solinge WW, Vader P, Schiffelers RM. Display of GPI-anchored anti-EGFR nanobodies on extracellular vesicles promotes tumour cell targeting. J Extracell Vesicles. 2016;5:31053.

83. Cheng J, Chen Z, Liu C, et al. Bone mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome-loaded injectable hydrogel for minimally invasive treatment of spinal cord injury. Nanomedicine. 2021;16:1567-79.

84. Choi H, Choi Y, Yim HY, Mirzaaghasi A, Yoo JK, Choi C. Biodistribution of exosomes and engineering strategies for targeted delivery of therapeutic exosomes. Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2021;18:499-511.

85. Kang M, Jordan V, Blenkiron C, Chamley LW. Biodistribution of extracellular vesicles following administration into animals: a systematic review. J Extracell Vesicles. 2021;10:e12085.

86. Chen Z, Xiong M, Tian J, Song D, Duan S, Zhang L. Encapsulation and assessment of therapeutic cargo in engineered exosomes: a systematic review. J Nanobiotechnology. 2024;22:18.

87. Aimaletdinov AM, Gomzikova MO. Tracking of extracellular vesicles’ biodistribution: new methods and approaches. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23:11312.

88. Brockes JP, Kumar A. Appendage regeneration in adult vertebrates and implications for regenerative medicine. Science. 2005;310:1919-23.

89. Yun B, Maburutse BE, Kang M, et al. Short communication: dietary bovine milk-derived exosomes improve bone health in an osteoporosis-induced mouse model. J Dairy Sci. 2020;103:7752-60.

90. Lian MQ, Chng WH, Liang J, et al. Plant-derived extracellular vesicles: Recent advancements and current challenges on their use for biomedical applications. J Extracell Vesicles. 2022;11:e12283.

91. Liu JH, Chen CY, Liu ZZ, et al. Extracellular vesicles from child gut microbiota enter into bone to preserve bone mass and strength. Adv Sci. 2021;8:2004831.

92. Taylor CT, Colgan SP. Regulation of immunity and inflammation by hypoxia in immunological niches. Nat Rev Immunol. 2017;17:774-85.

93. Reif S, Elbaum-Shiff Y, Koroukhov N, Shilo I, Musseri M, Golan-Gerstl R. Cow and human milk-derived exosomes ameliorate colitis in DSS murine model. Nutrients. 2020;12:2589.

94. Tong L, Hao H, Zhang Z, et al. Milk-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate ulcerative colitis by regulating the gut immunity and reshaping the gut microbiota. Theranostics. 2021;11:8570-86.

95. Gao HN, Hu H, Wen PC, et al. Yak milk-derived exosomes alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammation by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/C3 pathway activation. J Dairy Sci. 2021;104:8411-24.

96. Gao HN, Ren FZ, Wen PC, et al. Yak milk-derived exosomal microRNAs regulate intestinal epithelial cells on proliferation in hypoxic environment. J Dairy Sci. 2021;104:1291-303.

97. Liao T, Gan M, Qiu Y, et al. miRNAs derived from cobra venom exosomes contribute to the cobra envenomation. J Nanobiotechnology. 2023;21:356.

98. Badawy AA, El-Magd MA, AlSadrah SA. Therapeutic effect of camel milk and its exosomes on MCF7 cells in vitro and in vivo. Integr Cancer Ther. 2018;17:1235-46.

99. Bae IS, Kim SH. Milk exosome-derived microRNA-2478 suppresses melanogenesis through the Akt-GSK3β pathway. Cells. 2021;10:2848.

100. Fonseka P, Kang T, Chee S, et al. Temporal quantitative proteomics analysis of neuroblastoma cells treated with bovine milk-derived extracellular vesicles highlights the anti-proliferative properties of milk-derived extracellular vesicles. Cells. 2021;10:750.

101. Ben XY, Wang YR, Zheng HH, et al. Construction of exosomes that overexpress CD47 and evaluation of their immune escape. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022;10:936951.

102. Shen L, Ma J, Yang Y, et al. Cooked pork-derived exosome nanovesicles mediate metabolic disorder-microRNA could be the culprit. J Nanobiotechnology. 2023;21:83.

103. Stremmel W, Weiskirchen R, Melnik BC. Milk exosomes prevent intestinal inflammation in a genetic mouse model of ulcerative colitis: a pilot experiment. Inflamm Intest Dis. 2020;5:117-23.

104. Wu D, Kittana H, Shu J, et al. Dietary depletion of milk exosomes and their microRNA cargos elicits a depletion of miR-200a-3p and elevated intestinal inflammation and chemokine (C-X-C Motif) ligand 9 expression in Mdr1a-/- mice. Curr Dev Nutr. 2019;3:nzz122.

105. Yenuganti VR, Afroz S, Khan RA, et al. Milk exosomes elicit a potent anti-viral activity against dengue virus. J Nanobiotechnology. 2022;20:317.

106. Adriano B, Cotto NM, Chauhan N, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC, Yallapu MM. Milk exosomes: nature’s abundant nanoplatform for theranostic applications. Bioact Mater. 2021;6:2479-90.

107. Driedonks TAP, Jiang L, Gololobova O, Liao Z, Witwer KW. ELISA-based detection of immunoglobulins against extracellular vesicles in blood plasma. J Extracell Biol. 2024;3:e129.

108. Kim DO, Nguyen QT, Choi YC, et al. Strain- and species-specific immune responses to human adipose stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: a comparative pharmacological evaluation in mice and human PBMCs. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2026;222:115008.

109. Nonaka CKV, Costa-Ferro ZSM, Arraes ACP, et al. Validation of an automated quality control method to test sterility of two advanced therapy medicinal products: Mesenchymal stromal cells and their extracellular vesicles. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther. 2025;47:103727.

110. Skotland T, Iversen TG, Llorente A, Sandvig K. Biodistribution, pharmacokinetics and excretion studies of intravenously injected nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles: possibilities and challenges. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022;186:114326.

111. Silva AKA, Morille M, Piffoux M, et al. Development of extracellular vesicle-based medicinal products: a position paper of the group “Extracellular Vesicle translatiOn to clinicaL perspectiVEs - EVOLVE France”. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2021;179:114001.

112. Hoshino A, Costa-Silva B, Shen TL, et al. Tumour exosome integrins determine organotropic metastasis. Nature. 2015;527:329-35.

113. Ng CY, Kee LT, Al-Masawa ME, et al. Scalable production of extracellular vesicles and its therapeutic values: a review. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23:7986.

114. Takakura Y, Hanayama R, Akiyoshi K, et al. Quality and safety considerations for therapeutic products based on extracellular vesicles. Pharm Res. 2024;41:1573-94.

115. Jeyaram A, Jay SM. Preservation and storage stability of extracellular vesicles for therapeutic applications. AAPS J. 2017;20:1.

116. Lener T, Gimona M, Aigner L, et al. Applying extracellular vesicles based therapeutics in clinical trials - an ISEV position paper. J Extracell Vesicles. 2015;4:30087.

117. Vidal M, Sainte-Marie J, Philippot JR, Bienvenue A. Asymmetric distribution of phospholipids in the membrane of vesicles released during in vitro maturation of guinea pig reticulocytes: evidence precluding a role for “aminophospholipid translocase”. J Cell Physiol. 1989;140:455-62.

118. Moholkar DN, Kandimalla R, Saeed M, et al. Tumor-targeted exosomal delivery of celastrol for enhanced therapeutic efficacy in NSCLC. Theranostics. 2026;16:5125-49.

119. Zhang Y, Belaid M, Luo X, et al. Probing milk extracellular vesicles for intestinal delivery of RNA therapies. J Nanobiotechnology. 2023;21:406.

120. Wu L, Wang L, Liu X, et al. Milk-derived exosomes exhibit versatile effects for improved oral drug delivery. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2022;12:2029-42.

121. Matic S, Dia VP. Bovine milk exosomes affected proliferation of macrophages under hypoxia. Curr Res Food Sci. 2022;5:2108-13.

122. Gómez-Ferrer M, Amaro-Prellezo E, Albiach-Delgado A, Ten-Domenech I, Kuligowski J, Sepúlveda P. Identification of omega-3 oxylipins in human milk-derived extracellular vesicles with pro-resolutive actions in gastrointestinal inflammation. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1293737.

123. Han G, Kim H, Kim DE, et al. The potential of bovine colostrum-derived exosomes to repair aged and damaged skin cells. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14:307.

Extracellular Vesicles and Circulating Nucleic Acids
ISSN 2767-6641 (Online)
Follow Us

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/