fig5

Figure 5. Therapeutic application of EVs in prostate cancer. EVs have been employed for delivery of cytotoxic drugs, targeted biologics, siRNA/miRNA or for immunomodulation in CRPC. This figure is a conceptual illustration created using an AI-assisted illustration tool for visualization purposes and does not represent experimental data. EVs: Extracellular vesicles; siRNA: small interfering RNA; miRNA: microRNA; PSMA: prostate-specific membrane antigen; DC: dendritic cell; CRPC: castration-resistant prostate cancer.