fig8

Figure 8. tt-Mfn-EV cell uptake is receptor-mediated and specific. TfR overexpressing A₅₄₉ lung tumor cells were treated with tt-Mfn-EV in the presence or absence of human transferrin (Tf) and assessed for (A) Cell viability and (B) Molecular markers of apoptosis by Western blotting at 24 h after treatment. The hTf was added in two different concentrations (100 and 200 µg) 1 h prior to tt-Mfn-EV treatment. EV-GNP-CDDP-treated cells and untreated cells served as controls; (C) Quantification graphs of corresponding western blot analysis of cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase 9 and H₂AX normalized against actin. Bar graphs represent the mean ± SD from three replicates (n = 3). Statistical significance was assessed using an unpaired Student’s t-test, with P values indicated as ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001, ^****P < 0.0001, NS denotes not significant. tt-Mfn-EV: Tumor-targeted multifunctional extracellular vesicle; TfR: transferrin receptor; hTf: human transferrin; GNP: gold nanoparticle; CDDP: cisplatin; PARP: poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase; H₂AX: Histone 2A variant X; SD: standard deviation.