fig1

Figure 1. (A) Chemical structures of the photoactive materials (PM6:L8-BO:PC₇₁BM) and cathode interlayers components (PDINN, BCP and Cu-BCP); (B) inverted OSC device structure incorporating PDINN/Cu-BCP as bilayer ETLs and ultrathin 2PACz/MoO_x as a bilayer HTL; (C) UPS spectra of ITO, ITO/PDINN, ITO/PDINN/BCP, and ITO/PDINN/Cu-BCP; (D) energy level alignment of the inverted OSC device structure; (E) I-V characteristics of the ITO/PDINN-based interfacial stacks with BCP or Cu-BCP; (F) optical transmittance spectra of ITO substrates modified with PDINN, PDINN/BCP, and PDINN/Cu-BCP interlayers.