fig3

Figure 3. (A) Graphite electrolyte interface enriched with EC molecules; (A) is reprinted with permission from Ref.^[52], Copyright © 2024, Royal Society of Chemistry. (B) Schematic comparison of cointercalation-induced SEI disruption and stable Li⁺ intercalation during cycling. (C) Comparison of Li⁺/1,3-dioxolane (DOL) cointercalation in a liquid electrolyte and suppressed solvent cointercalation in a poly(1,3-dioxolane) (PDOL)-based quasi-solid-state electrolyte; (C) Reproduced from Ref.^[55], licensed under CC BY 4.0. (D) Schematic illustration of structural degradation and interfacial chemistry of cycled graphite anodes in electrolytes with and without the FB additive. (D) is reprinted with permission from Ref.^[56], Copyright © 2025, Royal Society of Chemistry.