fig4

Figure 4. Representative liquid cold-plate channel configurations. (A) Parallel multi-channel and serpentine cold-plate configurations; (A) is reprinted with permission from Ref.^[90], under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license. (B) leaf-vein-type biomimetic liquid cold plate; (B) is reprinted with permission from Ref.^[94], under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license. (C) topology-optimized cold-plate layouts under different thermal-hydraulic objective weightings; (C) is reprinted with permission from Ref.^[92], under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license.