REFERENCES
1. Zhao, Y.; Wang, Y.; Li, J.; et al. Thermodynamic and kinetic insights for manipulating aqueous Zn battery chemistry: towards future grid-scale renewable energy storage systems. eScience 2025, 5, 100331.
2. Lu, H.; Zhu, Y.; Du, Z.; Zhang, D.; Jin, Y. Aqueous zinc-iodine batteries for large-scale energy storage: challenges, strategies and perspectives. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2026, 36, e76322.
3. Poudel, M. B.; Anand, R.; Ojha, G. P.; et al. Nitrogen coordinated atomically dispersed manganese catalyzes oxygen reduction in practical zinc-air batteries and alkaline fuel cells. J. Power. Sources. 2026, 678, 239959.
4. Karim, O. L. A.; Poudel, M. B.; Bhandari, T.; Yoo, D. J. Integrating iron phthalocyanine and cobalt nanoparticles encapsulated N-doped CNTs as bifunction electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reaction in high-efficiency zinc-air battery. J. Alloys. Compd. 2026, 1071, 188725.
5. Poudel, M. B.; Balanay, M. P.; Lohani, P. C.; Sekar, K.; Yoo, D. J. Atomic engineering of 3D self-supported bifunctional oxygen electrodes for rechargeable zinc-air batteries and fuel cell applications. Adv. Energy. Mater. 2024, 14, 2400347.
6. Li, X.; Zhang, W.; Yu, J.; et al. Self-assembled protection layer induced by bifunctional additive for reversible aqueous zinc metal battery. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2024, 34, 2316474.
7. Yue, Q.; Zhu, H.; Chen, Y.; et al. Cation-anion cooperative additives in aqueous zinc-ion batteries: mechanistic insights and performance regulation. eScience. Energy. 2026, 2, 100038.
8. Wang, J.; Tang, B.; Wu, J.; et al. Revitalizing dendritic lithium with atomic modulator-decorated suspension electrolyte for durable lithium metal batteries. Sci. Adv. 2026, 12, eaef9111.
9. Zhang, J.; Liu, F.; He, R.; et al. Taming interfacial ion-dipole interactions with d-orbital delocalized electron catalysis expediates low-temperature Li metal batteries. Adv. Mater. 2026, 38, e10894.
10. Cheng, X.; Wang, W.; Tang, Z.; et al. Expediting desolvation-diffusion kinetics by self-cascade catalysis for durable low-temperature zinc metal batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2026, 65, e22417.
11. Wang, J.; Zhang, J.; Cheng, X.; et al. Electrode/electrolyte interface studies of rechargeable Li batteries with interface-specific sum frequency generation spectroscopy. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2025, 147, 44633-51.
12. Hao, Z.; Yao, W.; Li, W.; et al. Insights on electrolyte engineering toward aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Energy. Mater. 2026, 6, 600036.
13. Wu, Z.; Huang, Z.; Zhang, R.; Hou, Y.; Zhi, C. Aqueous electrolyte additives for zinc-ion batteries. Int. J. Extrem. Manuf. 2024, 6, 062002.
14. Li, T.; Zhang, N.; Liu, B.; et al. Unlocking the critical role of cations doping in MnO2 cathode with enhanced reaction kinetics for aqueous zinc ion batteries. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2025, 35, 2423755.
15. Li, S.; Zhong, Y.; Huang, J.; et al. Regulating interfacial kinetics boosts the durable A h-level zinc-ion batteries. Energy. Environ. Sci. 2025, 18, 2599-609.
16. Wang, M.; Ma, J.; Meng, Y.; et al. In situ formation of solid electrolyte interphase facilitates anode-free aqueous zinc battery. eScience 2025, 5, 100397.
17. Zhao, M.; Lv, Y.; Xu, Y.; Yang, H.; Bo, Z.; Lu, J. Ordered zinc electrodeposition from single-crystal units to polycrystalline stacking within solid-electrolyte interphase in battery anodes. Nat. Commun. 2025, 16, 2843.
18. Dao, Y.; Li, M.; Zhang, M.; et al. Axial Coordination induced electron delocalization and p-p orbital hybridization in single-atom catalysts boosts Zn2+ desolvation for highly stable Zn anode. Adv. Sci. 2026, 13, e18148.
19. Xu, Y.; Zhu, J.; Feng, J.; et al. A rechargeable aqueous zinc/sodium manganese oxides battery with robust performance enabled by Na2SO4 electrolyte additive. Energy. Storage. Mater. 2021, 38, 299-308.
20. Wang, P.; Xie, X.; Xing, Z.; et al. Mechanistic insights of Mg2+ -electrolyte additive for high-energy and long-life zinc-ion hybrid capacitors. Adv. Energy. Mater. 2021, 11, 2101158.
21. Ding, Y.; Zhang, X.; Wang, T.; et al. A dynamic electrostatic shielding layer toward highly reversible Zn metal anode. Energy. Storage. Mater. 2023, 62, 102949.
22. He, Y.; Chen, Z.; Gao, Q.; Feng, J.; Hao, Z. Dynamic interface modulation of aqueous zinc-ion batteries by rational design of organic additives. Small 2025, 21, e06244.
23. Wang, C.; Zhang, D.; Yue, S.; et al. Organic electrolyte additives for aqueous zinc ion batteries: progress and outlook. Chem. Rec. 2024, 24, e202400142.
24. Tan, Y.; Xu, W.; Yang, F.; et al. Dynamic polyiodide-trapping and proton-capturing dual-network engineering for high-areal-capacity, long-cycling and high-temperature Zn-I2 batteries. Adv. Mater. 2026, 38, e22609.
25. Yang, X.; Li, W.; Chen, Z.; et al. Synchronous dual electrolyte additive sustains Zn Metal anode with 5600 h lifespan. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202218454.
26. Wang, K.; Li, Q.; Zhang, G.; et al. Interface regulation of the Zn anode by using a low concentration electrolyte additive for aqueous Zn batteries. Chem. Sci. 2023, 15, 230-7.
27. Tian, Z.; Liu, H.; Cheng, M.; et al. Ethanol as solvent additives with competitive effect for high-stable aqueous zinc batteries. ACS. Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2024, 16, 21857-67.
28. Fan, L.; Hu, X.; Jiao, Y.; et al. Advances of designing effective and functional electrolyte system for high-stability aqueous Zn ion battery. Chem. Eng. J. 2024, 479, 147763.
29. Yu, H.; Chen, D.; Li, Q.; et al. In situ construction of anode-molecule interface via lone-pair electrons in trace organic molecules additives to achieve stable zinc metal anodes. Adv. Energy. Mater. 2023, 13, 2300550.
30. Cui, P.; Hu, J.; Luo, Y.; et al. Trace tea polyphenols enabling reversible dendrite-free zinc anode. J. Colloid. Interface. Sci. 2022, 624, 450-9.
31. Li, S.; Xu, Y.; Xu, X.; et al. Improved stability of zinc anodes by a trace amount of xylitol. J. Electron. Mater. 2024, 53, 408-17.
32. Chen, R.; Zhang, W.; Huang, Q.; et al. Trace amounts of triple-functional additives enable reversible aqueous zinc-ion batteries from a comprehensive perspective. NanoMicro. Lett. 2023, 15, 81.
33. Wang, F.; Liang, W.; Liu, X.; et al. A Bifunctional electrolyte additive features preferential coordination with iodine toward ultralong-life zinc-iodine batteries. Adv. Energy. Mater. 2024, 14, 2400110.
34. Zhou, C.; Zhang, H.; Duan, L.; et al. Bidirectional interfacial regulation for high performance zinc-iodine batteries. Energy. Storage. Mater. 2025, 83, 104711.
35. Sun, R.; Han, D.; Cui, C.; et al. A self-deoxidizing electrolyte additive enables highly stable aqueous zinc batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202303557.
36. Cao, J.; Sun, Y.; Zhang, D.; et al. Interfacial double-coordination effect guiding uniform electrodeposition for reversible zinc metal anode. Adv. Energy. Mater. 2024, 14, 2302770.
37. Wang, Z.; Wang, J.; Kawashima, K.; Liu, Z.; Henkelman, G.; Mullins, C. B. Mass transfer limitation within molecular crowding electrolyte reorienting (100) and (101) texture for dendrite-free zinc metal batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2024, 63, e202407881.
38. Sharma, B. K.; Shaikh, A. M.; Chacko, S.; Kamble, R. M. Synthesis, spectral, electrochemical and theoretical investigation of indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline dyes derived from anthraquinone for n-type materials. J. Chem. Sci. 2017, 129, 483-94.
39. Weng, H.; Zhang, Y.; Zhou, X.; et al. Building π-π-conjugated molecule adsorption layer on Zn anode for ultra-stable aqueous zinc-ion batteries. eScience 2026.
40. Liu, Y.; Li, J.; Zhu, J.; et al. The adsorption property and mechanism of phenyl/amine end-capped tetraaniline for alizarin red S. Colloid. Polym. Sci. 2018, 296, 1777-86.
41. Liao, X.; Zhu, L.; Chen, J.; et al. π-π stacking-directed crystallographic orientation of Zn elec-trodeposition for ultralong-life anodes. Adv. Mater. 2026, 38, e72888.
42. Li, Y.; Yang, Z.; Li, J.; et al. Molecular fence on the inner Helmholtz plane for highly reversible zinc metal anodes. eScience 2026, 6, 100556.
43. Wang, S.; Wang, S.; Wei, Z.; et al. A parts-per-million scale electrolyte additive for durable aqueous zinc batteries. Nat. Commun. 2025, 16, 1800.
44. Ma, Y.; Zhang, Q.; Liu, L.; et al. N,N-dimethylformamide tailors solvent effect to boost Zn anode reversibility in aqueous electrolyte. Natl. Sci. Rev. 2022, 9, nwac051.
45. Lu, Y.; Wang, Y.; Guo, C.; et al. Reconfiguring the Helmholtz plane with a trace polar additive for highly reversible zinc anodes. Inorg. Chem. Front. 2025, 12, 2719-30.
46. Yang, J.; Zhao, R.; Hu, Z.; et al. Blocking the passivation reaction via localized acidification and cation selective interface towards highly stable zinc anode. Energy. Storage. Mater. 2024, 70, 103449.
47. Li, Y.; Wu, P.; Zhong, W.; et al. A progressive nucleation mechanism enables stable zinc stripping-plating behavior. Energy. Environ. Sci. 2021, 14, 5563-71.
48. Wang, X.; Peng, H.; Sun, K.; et al. Melamine induced co-regulation of solvation structure and interface engineering to achieve dendrite-free Zn-ion hybrid capacitors. Energy. Storage. Mater. 2024, 66, 103208.
49. Bu, J.; Liu, P.; Ou, G.; et al. Interfacial adsorption layers based on amino acid analogues to enable dual stabilization toward long-life aqueous zinc iodine batteries. Adv. Mater. 2025, 37, e2420221.
50. Liu, K.; Sun, M.; Wu, Y.; et al. Binary electrolyte additive-reinforced interfacial molecule adsorption layer for ultra-stable zinc metal anodes. Adv. Mater. 2025, 37, e2420079.
51. Gan, X.; Zhang, C.; Ye, X.; Qie, L.; Shi, K. Unveiling the potential of redox electrolyte additives in enhancing interfacial stability for Zn-ion hybrid capacitors. Energy. Storage. Mater. 2024, 65, 103175.
52. Eisenberg, J. B.; Lee, K.; Yuan, X.; Schmidt, J. R.; Choi, K. S. The impact of electron donating and withdrawing groups on electrochemical hydrogenolysis and hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024, 146, 15309-19.
53. Wu, Q.; Huang, J.; Zhang, J.; et al. Multifunctional cellulose nanocrystals electrolyte additive enable ultrahigh-rate and dendrite-free Zn anodes for rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2024, 63, e202319051.
54. Wei, X.; Mu, Y.; Chen, J.; et al. Optimizing Zn (100) deposition via crystal plane shielding effect towards ultra-high rate and stable zinc anode. Energy. Storage. Mater. 2025, 75, 104026.
55. Wang, K.; Qiu, T.; Lin, L.; Zhan, H.; Liu, X.; Sun, X. Solvation sheath regulation to induce sulfide solid–electrolyte interphase on Zn metal anode. ACS. Energy. Lett. 2024, 9, 1000-7.
56. Feng, K.; Chen, B.; Xi, B.; et al. Antioxidant interfaces enabled by self-deoxidizing and self-dehydrogenating redox couple for reversible zinc metal batteries. Adv. Energy. Mater. 2024, 14, 2401053.
57. Guo, G.; Ji, C.; Lin, J.; et al. Interfacial domino effect triggered by β-alanine cations realized highly reversible zinc-metal anodes. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2024, 63, e202407417.
58. Lv, Y.; Huang, C.; Zhao, M.; et al. Synergistic anion-cation chemistry enables highly stable Zn metal anodes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2025, 147, 8523-33.
59. Yin, J.; Liu, H.; Li, P.; et al. Integrated electrolyte regulation strategy: trace trifunctional tranexamic acid additive for highly reversible Zn metal anode and stable aqueous zinc ion battery. Energy. Storage. Mater. 2023, 59, 102800.
60. Yue, Q.; Wan, Y.; Li, X.; et al. Restraining the shuttle effect of polyiodides and modulating the deposition of zinc ions to enhance the cycle lifespan of aqueous Zn-I2 batteries. Chem. Sci. 2024, 15, 5711-22.





