fig5

Figure 5. (A) Schematic representation of a hybrid Na-CO₂ battery with water-in-salt electrolyte, (B) ESW of different aqueous electrolytes (1, 10, and 17 m), and (C) cycle performance of the battery. (A-C) Reprinted with permission from Ref.^[30]. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier; (D) ESW of different water-in-salt electrolytes, (E) schematic diagram of hybrid Na-CO₂ battery with NaFSI-based electrolytes, (F) free energy profiles for CO₂ reduction to HCOOH in vacuum, 18 m NaClO₄, 35 m NaFSI, and Na(FSI)₂₇(ClO₄)₈. Electrochemical performance of hybrid Na-CO₂ battery: (G) discharge specific capacity curves, and (H) cycling curves of the battery at different temperatures. (D-H) Reprinted with permission from Ref.^[28]. Copyright © 2024 John Wiley & Sons. NASICON: Na₃Zr₂Si₂PO₁₂; ESW: electrochemical stability window.