fig4
From: Exploring the failure mechanisms of quasi/all solid-state Li-ion batteries with Si-based electrodes
Figure 4. Microscopic origin of Si-based electrode failure. (A) Anisotropic expansion of c-Si. Reproduced with permission from Lee et al., Nano Letters (2011). Copyright © American Chemical Society[53]; (B) Isotropic expansion of a-Si. McDowell et al., Nano Letters (2013). Copyright © American Chemical Society[54]; (C) After one cycle, pure μ Si particles are transformed into μ Si thin films. Tan et al., Science (2021). Copyright © American Association for the Advancement of Science[60].
