Figure7

Figure 7. (A) Concept of a self-powered neuromorphic system integrating TENG-based sensory units with memristive crossbars for storage-perception-recognition (gesture sensing and memory). (B) TENG-driven memristor switching under pulsed excitation, showing nonvolatile SET/RESET^[97]. (C) Associative learning and memory recall, illustrating the transition from incomplete cues to a recovered memory-mode representation. (D) Hybrid TENG-memristor crossbar architecture composed of artificial neuron/synapse unit cells. (E) Circuit model of energy-matrix multiplication realized via interconnected memristive synapses driven by TENG-generated signal sequences. (F) Resistive random-access memory (RRAM)-based image storage and recall: (ⅰ) array-level broadcast of input/output signals; (ⅱ) iterative update dynamics converging to the stored pattern^[103]. (G) Visual cortex-inspired system: (ⅰ) biological visual pathway; (ⅱ) mapping from the retina to cortical layers. (H) Opto-memristive heterogeneous architecture in which integrated self-powered memristor arrays implement visual signal processing^[62]. Reproduced with permission from Elsevier (A and B), Wiley (C-F), Springer Nature (G and H).